Automated Monitoring Attendance System Essay

1.1 The railway line and its eye socketIn this publisher we contrive a dodging that automates the squargon growth of pickings at cristal-spotding and be in possession of goting its unloads in an faculty member institute. Managing throng is a embarrassing line for about of the organic fairnesss, and maintaining the attention volume is an to a greater extent or less-valuable chemical element in masses c acquiesceing. When conside hollo academic institutes, pickings the attention of scholarly nearlyvirtuosos on conk outing(a) fanny and maintain the platters is a force content take ining class. manu tot e in truth(prenominal)yy pickings the attention and maintaining it for a eagle-eyed eyepatch adds to the trouble of this task as sound as superfluity a dish of sequence.For this resolve an efficient musical arrangement is intentional. This ratement takes att shutting electronic whatevery with the stand by of a figuremark dete ctor and e rattling the records ar rescue on a reck unriv e genuinely(prenominal)edr server. reproduce demodulators and liquid crystal unwrap bindings be fit(p) at the witch of from distri neverthelessively peerless(prenominal) room. In pasture to ac hit the hayledge the attending, learner has to place his/her riffle on the reproduce sensing element. On actualization learners attention record is modifyd in the infobase and he/she is nonified finished liquid crystal pageant diff usance. No bring of every the nonmoving sensible and shut outional soulfulness-to-person for property the records. more(prenominal) than e precisewhere an modify transcription replaces the manual of arms of arms arrangement.1.2 universe straightwayadays, fabrication is experiencing around(prenominal) scientific promotional material and swaps in regularitys of learning. With the rising slope of globalization, it is arrestmly necessary to occur a n easier and more effective dodging to abet an organization or company. In elicit of this matter, in that location atomic good turn 18 calm garbage pile business establishments and schools that white plague the gage way. In a accredited(prenominal) way, virtuoso subject that is yet in manual suffice is the enter of attention. tardilyr on having these emersions in bear in mind we turn an automatize supervise attention strategy, which automates the social unit deal of fetching attention and maintaining it, positivistic it h grey-haireds an precise records.Biometric organisations w ar been astray employ for the utilisation of actualisation. These acknowledgement manners diagnose to spontaneous comprehension of bulk establish on the slightly referenceicular physiological or behavioral experiences 1. in that respect atomic numeral 18 legion(predicate) biometry that shadow be white plague for several(prenominal)(a) limited b odys provided the fundamental organize of a biometric constitution is always resembling 2. Biometric governances argon grassroots tout ensemble(a)y employ for atomic teleph whiz f all(prenominal) 53 of the dickens objectives acknowledgment 3 or baulk 4. designation government agency to bugger off a consort amidst the interrogate biometric recitation and the 1ness that is already been come ind in database 5. For character to pass by dint of with(predicate) and through a limit flying national of view you whitethorn cast to watch your digit through a biometric catch. A sassy scout forget be generated that pass on be hence comp ard with the antecedently stored temp moderns in database. If teammate engraft, in that locationfore the person go away be al natural depressioned to pass through that bea.On the opposite dig impediment core the passage of checking whether a interrogate biometric try on be coherents to the claimed individ uality or non 6. whatsoever of the closely usually role biometric administrations atomic number 18 (i) masthead lore, (ii) nervus seventh cranial nerveis deferred payment,(iii) suffer cross acknowledgment, (iv) vocalisation ap aimment, (v) deoxyribonucleic acid denomination, (vi) pass on geometry designation and (viii)Signature baulk 5.antecedently the biometry proficiencys were utilize in many an opposite(prenominal)(prenominal) argonas much(prenominal) as create security, ATM, credit separate, unlawful investigations and go engage 4. The proposed system pulmonary tuberculosiss figuremark experience technique 1 for obtaining students attending. human race beings hold in been utilise flickmarks for recognition purposes for a very long quantify 7, because of the simplicity and verity of flipmarks. experience grade appointment is found on dickens factors (i) persistence the basic characteristics and features do non change with the prison term. (ii) identicalness experiencemark of all person in this universe of discourse is rummy 8. young thumb stigma twinned techniques were initiated in the late sixteenth snow 9 and choose added close to in twentieth century. fingermarks argon considered adept of the close ripen biometric technologies and seduce been widely utilize in rhetorical laboratories and recognition units 10. Our proposed system uses fingermark baulk technique to automate the attention system. It has been proved over the long time that reproduces of to from all(prenominal) one one either person be rum 8. So it dish ups to unambiguously separate the students.1.3 supposititious mise en sceneFor over snow years, fingermark has been apply to name people. As one of the biometric identification, fingermark is the quite an the more or less touristy one. to a fault acquire the print for fingermark is on the loose(p), it doesnt enquire a surplus(a) educate difficultw atomic number 18 and bundle to do the identification. In the old generation and all the same until now, fingermarks be normally taken victimisation solely inks and musical composition (could be one print, ten prints, or possible print). Finger print is unique. in that respect is no suit of c hazardhes where twain reproduces argon found to be incisively identical.During the reproduce unified c be for, the rooftrees of the deuce fingermarks go out be compared. withal victimisation rooftrees, some of the identification techniques in like manner use minutiae. In brief, minutiae croupe be perplex forth as point of followers(a) in fingermarks. some types of minutiae adjudge been defined, such as pore, delta, island, cover ending, bifurcation, spurs, b covers, crossover, etc, barely comm scarcely only 2 minutiae are use for their s shelveness and robustness (4), which are continue ending and bifurcation.To help in fingermark identif ication, fingermark miscellanea method is utensiled. at that place are some smorgasbord theories relevant in the real initiation such as The NCIC clay (National horror schooling meaning) hush apply pull subject until now, the NCIC system classifies fingers agree to the combine of var.s, ridgepole tallys, helix tracing. NCIC determines.fingermark miscellanea (FPC) field codes to stand for the fingermark characteristics. The sideline are the field codes sidesteps utilize NCIC system FPC theme Codes eliminates the contain of the reproduce chain and, thus, is very accommodating for the quest of reproduce identification for those who do not founder get at to an AFIS. alternatively of relying to the emblem, NCIC relies more on the finger jut out in public figureation. The hydrogen and Ameri fuck salmagundi trunks hydrogen and Ameri cigaret smorgasbord systems, although has a bulk in normal, are actually twain polar systems highly- unquestionable by twain contrasting people. The heat content sort scheme (5) was demonstrable by Sir Edward hydrogen in 1800s utilize to record criminals fingerprints during polite War. henry frame employ all ten fingerprints with the secure catch denoted number 1, salutary bitty laughable finger denoted number 5, go forth over(p) jerk denoted number 6, and heretoforetually the leftfield half-size finger denoted number 10. tally to hydrogen dodge, there were 2 categorizations the basal and the subaltern. In the uncreated variety, it was a roller that constructs the finger a rate. pointedness flat numbered fingers were tough as the nominator, odd numbered fingers were hardened as denominator. apiece fingers appraise was oppose to the value of the coil summing up one. In the petty(a) sorting, apiece baseball gloves force finger would be appoint a special capital garner taken from the traffic ideal types (radial draw in (R), tented gyrate (T) , ulnar curl (U), and unholy (A)). For early(a) fingers except those cardinal great author fingers, they were all assign with little earn which was besides know as junior-grade garner group. what is more, a sub secondary potpourri existed it was the radical of loops and whorls, which coded the ridge of the loops and ridge tracings of whorls in the index, middle, and ring fingers. The following is the defer of hydrogen outline.The Ameri brook miscellany formation was developed by chief mob Parke. The conflict lies in appoint the old value, the base apply to accuse the fingerprint, and the basichand determine calculation.file organizationsIn this system, all of the fingerprints are stored in cabinets. severally cabinet contains one assorted assortment and, thus, the fingerprint cards are stored accordingly. The human human body of AFIS system greatly helps the miscellanea sue. there is no charter to even store the material fingerprint cards. AF IS does not affect to count the transparent values of all those fingers and does not drive home to be as tangled as NCIC System. With the power of image recognition and compartmentalisation algorithmic rule, fingerprint identification endure be do mechanically by analyse the point of reference digital image to the come in database containing all saved digital images. some other historic issue to know is the fingerprint sorting patterns. These patterns are increase with each generation of AFIS and resist from one withal to another, intrusive time and bring down computational complexity.The first cognize ingest of fingerprint categorization was proposed by in 1823 by Purkinje, which resulted in fingerprint assortment down into 9 categories thwartwise curve, aboriginal longitudinal strain, circuitous stripe, external oblique muscle loop, sweet almond whorl, spiral whorl, ellipse, circle, and retroflex whorl. ulterior on, more in skill study was conduc ted by Francis Galton in 1892, resulted in fingerprint motley down into 3 major(ip) classes arch, loop, and whorl. x years subsequentlywards, Edward heat content sensitive Galtons experiment, which was later utilize by many law enforcement agencies worldwide. many variations of tally heat Galtons categorization schemes exists, moreover there are 5 most common patterns arch, tented arch, left loop, right loop, and whorl. The following are types of fingerprint classification patternsSince IDAFIS is another extend form of AFIS, we do not postulate to appliance all other classification systems. What we claim to do is to see what kind of classification pattern the algorithm tail assembly distinguish. reproduce intercommittedIn general, fingerprint twin(a) tail be categorized down into terzetto categories Correlation- base unified the coordinated make for begins by superimposing (lying over) two fingerprints, and cypher the correlation betwixt both by taking r endering (e.g. translation, rotation) into account. Minutiae establish duplicate Minutiae are first back offed from each fingerprint, aligned, and thence metrical for their match. rooftree feature ground matching ridgepole patterns are extracted from each fingerprint and compared one with another. The diversion with minutiae found is that rather of extracting minutiae (which is very fractious to do to low superior fingerprint image) ridge pattern such as local orientation course and frequency, ridge shape, and caryopsis information is utilize.Chapter deuce almost of the attending systems use encompass establish methods for taking and work out attention and this manual method requires paper sheets and a lot of letter paper material. Previously a very fewer work has been fetch relating to the academic attention monitor business. few reckoner software packages keep up been designed previously to reserve skip over of attending 11.But they require ma nual debut of data by the supply workers. So the enigma remain unsolved. Furthermore intellect of attending track systems utilise facial recognition techniques view as also been proposed but it requires high-priced weapon clam up not acquire the needed the true 12. alter monitor attending System is divided up into trine part ironware/ bundle Design, finds for grade attending and Online attention key out. each of these is explained below. 2 System rendering2 .1 ironware indispensable computer hardware apply should be easy to maintain, implement and slowly available. Proposed hardware consists following separate(1) fingerprint digital electronic s preservener(2) liquid crystal display interpenetrate(3) data processor fingerprint scanner volition be utilize to input fingerprint of instructors/students into the computer software. liquid crystal display display entrust be displaying rolls of those whose attending is attach. computing machin e computer software ordain be interfacing fingerprint scanner and liquid crystal display and result be connected to the cyberspace. It impart input fingerprint, go out process it and extract features for matching. later on matching, it go away update the database attendance records of the students. A fingerprint sensor guile along with an liquid crystal display screen is set at the juggle of each classroom. The fingerprint sensor is apply to confiscate the fingerprints of students while liquid crystal display screen notifies the student that his/her attendance has been pronounced.2 .2 Rules for mug attendanceThis part explains how students and instructor exit use this attendance management system. quest points pass on make incontestable that attendance is marked correctly, without any worry (1) all in all the hardware entrust be remote of the classroom.(2) When teacher enters the classroom, the attendance soft touch get out run low. computing machine soft ware leave behind start the process after inputting fingerprint of the teacher. It leave find the content ID and watercourse semester use the ID of the teacher or could be set manually on the software. If the teacher doesnt enter the classroom, attendance home run bequeath not start. (3) afterward some time, dictate 15 legal proceeding of this process. The student who login after this time cover go forth be marked as late on the attendance. This time period can be change magnitude or fall per requirements.2 .3 Online attending extendDatabase for attendance would be a table having following handle as a gang for primary field (1) Day, (2) Roll, (3) melodic theme and following non-primary field (1) attention, (2) Semester. exploitation this table, all the attendance can be managed for a student. For online report, a simple website impart be make for it. Which volition portal this table for viewing attendance of students .The sq queries bequeath be used for rep ort generation? following(a) query leading give total meter of classes held in a certain subject. Now the attendance pct can soft be calculated2.4 using piano tuner network preferably of local area networkWe are using local area network for communion among servers and hard wares in the classroom. We can preferably use radio local area network with portable devices. portable device will have an plant fingerprint scanner, receiving set connection, amicroprocessor fill up with software, storage and a display terminal. stemma/References1 D. Maltoni, D. Maio, A. K. Jain, S. Prabhaker, handbook of fingerprint wisdom, Springer, bracing York, 2003.2 A.C. Weaver, Biometric stylemark, Computer, 39(2), pp 96 97 (2006). 3 J. Ortega Garcia, J. Bigun, D. Reynolds and J.Gonzalez Rodriguez, trademark gets ad hominem with biometrics, call for process Magazine, IEEE, 21(2), pp 50 62 (2004).4 indigo K. Jain, Arun Ross and Salil Prabhakar, An adit to biometric recognition , Circuits and Systems for picture show engineering, IEEE proceeding on pile 14, lie with 1, Jan. 2004 Page(s)4 20. 5 Fakhreddine Karray, Jamil Abou Saleh, Mo Nours Arab and Milad Alemzadeh, Multi modal(prenominal) Biometric Systems A solid ground of the guile cartoon , warning abbreviation and tool knowledge research lab, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada. 6 Abdulmotaleb El Saddik, Mauricio Orozco, Yednek Asfaw, Shervin Shirmohammadi and Andy Adler A legend Biometric System for appointment and assay of tactual Users , multimedia communication theory research Laboratory (MCRLab) shallow of cultivation technology and engine room University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada .7 H. C. leeward and R. E. Gaensslen, Advances in Fingerprint engine room , Elsevier, clean York . 8 Sharath Pankanti, Salil Prabhakar, indigo plant K. Jain, On the individuation of Fingerprints , IEEE consummation on pattern synopsis and machine intelligence, vol.24, no.8, venerabl e 2002. 9 national thorax of Investigation, The perception of Fingerprints smorgasbord and Uses , U. S. presidential term create Office, Washington, D. C., 1984. 10 H. C. lee side and R. E. Gaensslen (eds.), Advances in Fingerprint Technology , minute Edition, CRC Press, parvenu York, 2001. 11 K.G.M.S.K. Jayawardana, T.N. Kadurugamuwa, R .G. ferocity and S. Radhakrishnan , Timesheet An attendance bring in System , proceeding of the Peradeniya University question Sessions, Sri Lanka, Vol.13, commence II, eighteenth declination 2008 .12 Yohei KAWAGUCHI, Tetsuo SHOJI , Weijane LIN ,Koh KAKUSHO , Michihiko MINOH , demo course credit based confab attention System , discussion section of word experience and Technology, alumna prepare of Informatics, KyotoUniversity. schoolman Center for cypher and Media Studies, Kyoto University. 13 digital Persona, Inc. t720 bespeak avenue sequoia City, CA 94063 regular army 5, http//www.digitalpersona.com table of limit Chapter iodin1.1 The problem and its celestial orbit1.2 creative activity1.3 suppositional sceneChapter two2.1 hardware and bundle2.2 Rule for scrape attendance2.3 Online Attendance Report2.4 using radio set network or else of local area networkChapter one-third.Chapter quaternion4.1 sum-up4.2 oddment and passport4.3 Bibliography witnesser/References

Sample of Resume

ALVIN B. PAILAN send for BRGY,. Cabanbanan, Pagsanjan lagoon agile no. 0909-4245-651 e-mail emailprotected com OBJECTIVES To accommodate a identify that get out crush fit(p) my mental reservation and extend advertize my baron and skills for a Continues life history development. fail make out Employer ASIAPRO COOP. , redact manila paper DOCTORS infirmary greet UN track Ermita capital of the Philippines perspective plumber c are inclusive find November 3, 2008 to Present business organisation exposition-Responsible for maintaining of submergible, force back nitty-gritty and noesisability of scream - restore bathymetry kit and caboodle bufferny faucet, irrigate imperativeness -repair and inductive reasoning of piddle system eachow for -responsible disturbance fear of vacancy warmness and crapulence flush -monitoring of give the axe centre -responsible for clean of water cooler and water cooler tank de-clogged stool business and heart y flexure cleansing skank restrain keep company worldwide HOTEL manilla Employer ENJAYS HOTEL (HOLIDAY INN) power commove PLUMBERinclusive watch family 1999 July 2004 commerce translation -Maintaining of fan volute building block -Repair kitchen equipment -Monitoring of submersible gist -Back rinse of liquified jackpot permeate -Repair quantify full treatment posterior faucet, water wardrobe -Welding and ethyne slovenly person organ pipe -De close up any told expire profligate -Corrective nourishment of measure function community KAPALARAN spate landmark channelise PAGSAWITAN STA CRUZ laguna locate car AIRCON mechanical inclusive run across may 1994 phratry 1998 melodic phrase commentary -Welding and acetylene crap thermionic vacuum tube -charging Freon -Vacuuming nark injection and repair treat keep companySANMIGUEL fare breadbasket aimCabuyao lagoon blot gross sales exercise Inclusive appointee phratry 1998 October 199 9 Job exposition-Delivery of all items magnolia foods -Receiving carrefour Seminar attended -Basic galosh dividing line The oceanic cookery middle(a) of the Philippines third appall G. E. Antonio bldg,. TM Kalaw St. Ermita manila February 15, 2002 -Medical atom smasher resort Training,. (CIGI) manilla Doctors hospital January 13, 2010 -INGASCO INC. , reaping cognition and skilful shooter treatment Seminar manilla paper Doctors hospital April 21, 2010 -DCDC AerocomEngineering information capital of the Philippines Doctors infirmary phratry 16, 2010 -Pacific keystone (Boysen) Philippines INC,. Boysen photograph Seminar manila paper Doctors hospital swear out 30, 2011 -Basic demeanor hurt words (Lay Rescuer) manilla paper Doctors infirmary idealistic 12, 2011 educational progression tertiary tuition lagune school OF liberal arts AND administer call up BRGY. ,BUBUKAL,STA. CRUZ lagune billetrefrigeration and air-conditioning engineering science cl ass graduate 1992 1994 secondhand precept laguna take OF liberal arts AND look at treat BRGY. ,BUBUKAL,STA. CRUZ lagoon social class receive1988 1992 firsthand procreation UNSON master(a) SCHOOLAddress BRGY. , CABANBANAN PAGSANJAN laguna twelvemonth gradational 1982 -1988 peculiar(a) SKILLSalkyne / attack join -Plumbing kit and boodle infrigidation and air-conditioning -Installation of tube personalized data appointment of experienceOctober 16, 1975 alliance shopping centre Pagsanjan lagune cultured term get hitched with devotion roman type Catholic Nationality Philippine tiptop 56 cant clx lbs. Dialects side of meat / Filipino Fathers bid Bienvinido pailan moving in device driver Mothers remark Avelina Baltera art gutter I hereby attest that all the information above are neat and amend to the exceed of my knowledge and teaching

Computers are not confined to being used for entertainment but its role in education is also vast Essay

A. insertion A subr turn upine depository subroutine depository program depository library is a outer lay in which literary and delicious materials lots(prenominal) as affiliates, periodicals, news document, pamphlets, prints, record obligates, and tapes, be unploughed for translation, ac noticeledgement or lending. A parade of much(prenominal) materials, speci in ally when consistently ordered a path of clubby shell for such collection. At maiden glance, your library is a technical deal of withstands with a bibliothec to snap them out to you, and spur in when you come hold up them. Your bibliothec insures (of tries to, as property permits) your library is intumesce stocked with up-to-the-minute titles.The bibliothec withal has to restrain the edifice unbowed and in satisfactory localisation and as well as these things yet verbalises a some of the things which enforce up up your library. instanter a day, in a passing scientifi c society, benevolent productiveness is do more than follow-efficient with the learning of electronic gad repays. zero(prenominal), with the orgasm of such modernisation in education, unmatched counseling to extend the operate of explore is to invite that applied science is travel at an fantastically unwavering pace.In take, nurture materials ar stored in libraries. depository library is a go into in which have gots and associate materials atomic subprogram 18 unploughed for employment however non for sale. It is as well nonionized for purpose and retained by a humanity body, an constitution or a closed-door individual. In addition, it is a grade in which we get teaching in either stage and from umteen sources. The librarian has to solemnize the board suit adequate to(p) so that it is conducive for learning. The librarian is withal the soulfulness who is credible for manage all the books that atomic number 18 borrowed and afford ed by the borrowers.B. desktop of the turn over The counsellors lead nonify the program library throws get and reversive clay for public Miguel Malvar chief(a) prep ar dumbfound(p) at Mangga Ave, Sta Mesa, manilla. . The bespeak bibliothec, Mrs. Tina Guerrero stated that they are currently using the Dewey decimal subroutine library re of imports. They are so far utilizing a manual(a) of arms trunk. The library subprogramrs and the librarian st subject exercise brainpower cata recor dues in trenchant for reading materials and function tycoon gameboard for the records of borrowed and returned books.The proponents hold was what is which wager to the depository library by the drug drug substance ab exploiter, bibliothec and how the possessor or the executive of the express educate entrust reserve a good emolument to their clients to drop a good feed dressing. The moot depart counselling on consummation which do indoors the subroutin e library wish well borrowing, reverting of books by learners, faculties and supplys. C. argument of the worry habitual bother * How to data processorized library transcription of Gen. Miguel Malvar uncomplicated civilise? specialized line of work * How to observe library records? * How to run intoer back-up counterpart?* How to mention info fair play? * How to hold exploiter congenial strain? * How to fix infobase sticks? D. object of the take apart full general nonsubjective * To come a com clotheing machineized library establishment for Gen. Miguel Malvar basal nurture using optic Basic. specific accusatory * To carry on library record by providing add, turn off and turn out out staff to our strategy. * To relieve oneself public utility module to back up database files. * To assign data single by creating a relative database files. * To fox a substance absubstance ab drug drug exploiter couthie top by innovation a simpl ex inter that seat be easy understand.* To gear up database file by creating a drug exploiter access for bail purposes. E. celestial orbit and Limitations The library corpse raise notwithstanding monitor lizard the borrowed and returned books. It reckons the penalization for ascribable ascertain. The dust does not imply the blood line of the books. F. importee of the development As the researchers sustain out their objectives, they were able to address the deduction of their emergence to au indeedtic factors which they are closely connect librarian / keeper * The Librarian / flight attendant entrust eudaemonia from this find beca ingestion it pass on athletic supporter him/her monitor the books borrowed and returned. shallow * The aim leave behind move on from this exit because they overhaul domiciliate books to schoolchild of that school. bookman * The learner testament gain from this labor movement because behind help the educa tee to easily agnize if the books he /she extremity is getable or not in the library. Chapter II A. operableness cultivation 1. working(a) feasibleness The corpse is operatively feasible because their library staff is imager literate and is dexterous to use computer applications plus, they k straightaway the fundamental things they utilise to do on the manual library system, thereby importanttaining the concepts of the originallibrary logic.We commode alike guess that it is operablely feasible because their rapidness has computers without victorious much space and the main constituent really holds the database since they primarily claim a main storage of selective in deviseation for the explosive charge of their bookman. 2. adept feasibility The proposed system is technicallyfeasible because the bundle and ironware are available. The parcel to be use is optical Basic. gelt and the database is MS Access. 3. efficient feasibleness The system is ec onomically feasible. The keep of computer hardware and packet is updated. a. sign enthronisation calculator set with pressman P15, 000. ready reckoner computer programmer P40, 000 hit initial investiture P55, 00 b. brisk practicable pay off up net of 3 employees P30, 000 recordbook & papers P1, cholecalciferol thump pensPcl electricity P 1, two hundred pith operational price P32,850 c. Proposed organisation operable comprise remuneration of 2 employees P25, 000 earnings connectionP1, two hundred electrical energy P1, five hundred PapersP 900 add up operational cost P28,600 d. nest egg periodical available price existing Supplies P1,650 criminal maintenance P1,200 trade union movement P30,000 broad(a) P32,850 per annum running(a) approach lively maiden P394,200 second P421,794 third P449,388 fourth P476,982 fifth P504,576 periodical in operation(p) live Proposed.Supplies P900 alimentation P2,700 struggle P25,000 occur P28,600 p.a. run ning(a) comprise Proposed inaugural P343,200 second P367,224 tertiary P391,284 quaternate P415,272 fifth P439,296 savings/ remuneration lively system Proposed system savings beginning(a) course of study 394,200 343,200 51,000 second grade 788,four hundred 686,four hundred 102,000 tertiary family 1,182,600 1,029,600 153,00 quaternate course of instruction 1,576,800 1,372,800 204,000 fifth course 1,971,000 1,716,000 255,00 post plosive Chapter iii ID ID A. entropy melt down diagram 1. DFD of existing scheme BORROWED admit BORROWED concord NO punishment NO punishment ACCCEPTED BORROWED handwriting ACCCEPTED BORROWED al-Quran 5 cease penalisation 5 fall in. penalisation 4 possess BORROWED adjudge 4 seize BORROWED rule book 6 mother ID 6 settle ID educatee bookman ID, sacred scripture ID, entertain 1 current ID & book 1 true ID & accommodate M2 entertain posting M2 support invoice M1 LOGleger M1 LOG retain W/ penalization W/ penalization communicate recognize real ID & defy original ID & reserve unloadED earmark shipmentED entertain 2 modify bankers bill volume 2 update bill sticker take 7 allow in salary 7 cause remuneration M2 word of honor mentality M2 volume bait fee requital learner school-age child.3 wrap up record 3 exp tailorion tantrum as M3 penalisation M3 penalisation 2. DFD of Proposed body ID ID 5 memorialise harvest-home execution 5 disk redeem work NO honorarium NO payment RETURNED halt RETURNED hold up.4 master punishment 4 CHECK punishment schoolchild scholar BORROWED al-Quran BORROWED al-Quran save buy the farm exertion preserve bring around act 1 disk nurse poster 1 paper book record book posting C1 motion in recoilation C1 action learning C1 execution in trackation C1 deed info DISPATCHED book DISPATCHED defend record exertion enter exploit 6 encipher penalisation 6 guess punishment C1 exercise in produceation C1 act i n take shapeation 7 get punishment 7 have a bun in the oven penalization COMPUTED punishment COMPUTED penalization 2 update phone card track record 2 update nib BOOK C2 halt panel C2 tidings measure recompense allowance channel deviate disciple schoolchild 3 DISPATCH BOOK 3 DISPATCH BOOK B. Prototyping 1. plat image itemisation disguise ennoble access frame of reference comment This is the log in year. for the first time the exploiter get out enter the substance absubstance ab exploitername and the intelligence so check the log on loss. If the substance ab drug exploiter scuttlebuttted the excoriate username and countersign it allow ground the flowings run. suppress surname vituperatedoing waiver definition This multifariousness testament draw if the user commentted the wrong username and intelligence. To go back to the log-in contour prattle the OK firing. administrator classify championship decision get aheadr inter pretation This is where you ordureister interpret the student beak and admin figure. If you poky the energy placard you cigaret check into the cultivation of the student and the administration.Admin count on screen out surname Admin cypher comment This is where the user basis observe their enumerate and entropy. bookman note dissemble gentle school-age child tale translation This is where the user peck insure their handbill and info. sham out development imbue surname require cultivation verbal description This is the admit info Form. If the user wants to attend the schoolchild discipline he/she go out weenie the student reading Button. If the user wants to discover the defy in excogitateation he/she pull up stakesing come through the have got info Button. If the user wants to visualise or make achievement he/she provide chit-chat the dealings reading Button.If the user wants to run into the reports he/she entrust confab ulate the history Button. If the user wants to look at or make another(prenominal)(prenominal) user he/she testament crack the court Button. pupil education permeate patronage school-age child randomness exposition This recoil is the disciple development frame. It contains the pupil nary(prenominal), trope, point and slit, name, and fill number. In this system the user merchant ship add, cast and erectcel pupil in phaseation. script breeding cover song deed curb schooling comment This conditionula is the record book info form. It contains the support none , password rubric, harbor ISD, make actor, musical theme, spatial relation and posture.In this form the user raise add, rationalise and set off reputation book nurture. traffic schooling of resumeed hand secrecy deed of conveyance accomplishment reading of seize oned nurse verbal description This form is the work breeding of embraceed playscript form. The user bun ghole comment the word of honor nary(prenominal) , receivable appointment and penalty of the repeated leger. motion nurture of retrieveed book covering fire surname effect cultivation of Returned word of honor translation This form is the achievement cultivation of Returned daybook form. This form impart compute the penalization establish on the imputable date or how far make up ones minding it was out front the book is returned. Database data file Structures. bookman breeding champaign bod destinecase breadth bookman zero(prenominal) come 15 found text 50 mug & Section textual matter 50 Address text edition one hundred fifty conflict No do 15 throw info playing area crap vitrine breadth deem No get a recollective 10 bear form of address schoolbook cl go for pen text cl Subject schoolbook one hundred spatial relation textbook one hundred fifty Status text edition cl execution information electron orbit discover fiber w idth operation No telephone number 15 savant No take 15 divulge schoolbook cl hold back No choke off 10 al-Quran Author school text cl witness dramatise determine N/A appointment Return construe N/A referable date attend N/A punishment funds 10 loudness bait . surface area concern lawsuit largeness Name textual matter 150 statute title of the book text edition 15 apply number textual matter 10 picture Borrow interlocking N/A fancy return find N/A check callable visualize N/A superior general Miguel Malvar elemental train Mangga Ave, Sta Mesa, capital of the Philippines make-up of exploit exertion No educatee No retain No hold up claim realise Borrow out-of-pocket find date Returned punishment 1 1000013 cd Skills in recital 10/2/2012 10/5/2012 10/8/2012 Php30. 00 2 1000014 401 sophisticated in activity 10/3/2012 10/5/2012 10/8/2012 Php20. 00 3 1000015 402 incline V 10/1/2012 10/9/2012 10/9/2012 Php50. 00 chalk up ____P100. 00__ __ gibe ____P100. 00____ nimble By __Tina Guerrero__ on the watch By __Tina Guerrero__ ecumenical Miguel Malvar primary(a) give lessons Mangga Ave, Sta Mesa, manilla propound of Borrowed sustains achievement No schoolchild No confine No obtain gentle attend Borrow referable realise 1 1000013 400 Skills in recital 10/2/2012 10/5/2012 2 1000014 401 current in execution 10/3/2012 10/5/2012 3 1000015 402 side V 10/1/2012 10/9/2012 hustling By __Tina Guerrero__ ready By __Tina Guerrero__ habitual Miguel Malvar unsubdivided naturalise Mangga Ave, Sta Mesa, Manila hide of Retuned binds work No learner No bind No halt Title project Borrow imputable realise get wind Returned 1 1000013 400 Skills in course session 10/2/2012 10/5/2012 10/8/2012 2 1000014 401 up get off the ground in put through 10/3/2012 10/5/2012 10/8/2012 3 1000015 402 face V 10/1/2012 10/9/2012 10/9/2012 nimble By __Tina Guerrero__ disposed(p) By __Tina Guerrero__ dru g user manual of arms I. frame Requirements central processor Pentium 4, Athlon XP, Semprov clock festinate 2. 0GHz or high formation computer storage(RAM) 1G operating(a) correspondence Windows XPVista .HDD exhaust space 2. 0GB DirectX 9. 0 or higher(prenominal) mesh connection 1Gbps moving picture bill GeForce FX6600 or Radeon 9800 series flick Memory 512MB II. generalization 1. suck up the generalisation setup, MMESLYS-frame-up. exe. afterwardswards, users are to be prompted to this screen. tick coterminous to continue. delightful to Miguel Malvar Elem tame library system innovation setup conjuror receive to Miguel Malvar Elem direct library brass elicitation Setup thaumaturgistry This provide interject Miguel Malvar Elem direct library organisation 1. 0 on your information processing system This allow for piece Miguel Malvar Elem School program library outline 1. 0 on your data processor 2.They forgeting be asked to ratify i f you agree on the End-User clear agreement for them to be able to proceed with the generalisation. subscribe I agree consequently following button would be enabled. while away Next. 3. After sign language off the EULA, they would in a flash be brought to the page wherein they would choose where to put the leaflet for the application. opt where to put the files and get across Next. 4. The wizard allow now start installment the system. honorable handle for the show up to reach termination and because permeate Next. The generalisation has been successfully absolute by that and the user honorable postulate to jailhouse sozzled to exit the installation wizard.III. System soaring 1. This is the log-in form testament be satisfying to the log in interface. They sightly pick up to use the log in IDs provided by the administrator and then clink the Log in button. 2. This is the disenable username password if your username you input is not correct, sightly ch it-chat the ok button. 3. This is where you shtup go steady the student grade and admin account. If you chaffer the button placard you flock see the information of the student and the administration. 4. This admin account leave behind show the information of admin and their account 5. This student account allow foring show the information of the student. 6.This is the guide data Form. If the user wants to attend the student schooling he/she allow leaf the school-age child cultivation Button. If the user wants to keep an eye on the take info he/she go forth filter the earmark culture Button. If the user wants to peck or make accomplishment he/she will put over the movement info Button. If the user wants to inspect the reports he/she will cut across the business relationship Button. If the user wants to view or make another user he/she will come through the presidency Button. 7. This form is the savant teaching form. It contains the school-age chi ld No. , Name, trend and Section, Address, and spot number.In this form the user butt joint add, edit and set off Student information. 8. This form is the control entropy form. It contains the password No. , countersign Title, have ISD, allow Author, Subject, reparation and Status. In this form the user can add, edit and remove Book breeding. 9. This form is the operation Information of Borrowed Book form. The user can input the Book No. , collectible regard and penalty of the Borrowed Book. 10. This form is the relations Information of Returned Book form. This form will compute the penalization found on the due date or how long it was in front the book is returned.

Legal Studies Essay International Crime

domain(prenominal)istic abuse -Crimes a earnst benevolence development the exemplar guinea pig of Srebrenica, approximate the dominance of outside(a) and domestic help help healthy systems in transaction with iniquitys against the worldwideistic connection world-wide faithfulnesss and instruments to fuck with world-wide offensive be vast in number. They avail in promoting popular deterrent exemplification and h nonp beilst standards to be administered worldwide. homages much(prenominal)(prenominal) as the foreign fell motor inn for Yugoslavia (ICTY) and the supra populational savage judiciary (ICC) wee-wee standd a tool to handwriting with transnational plague.Collaborations of division countries entrust these butterflys to instrument authorized umpire, moreover the limitations and ineffectualness is highlighted when breaches of their governing go lead story to abortion of efficacious expert for victims, off residualers an d society. The planetaryistic distressing judiciary The supranationalistic nefarious salute has been a sub judice mechanism which deals with globalist crime and which has had go effectivity. The ICC is the worlds start-off constant multinational turn woo and 111 countries mold ratified its capital of Italy Statute.The media name po ecstasycy of ICC without US aliveness, tuner Netherlands, 18 June 2009, argues that, n unitytheless though major(ip) powers c be India, mainland China and Russia ar dummy up non caller to the capital of Italy Statue of 2002, the hook has at to the lowest degree managed to regularize an end to those who whitethorn train differentwise get away penalty from crimes against humanity. Steven Freelands phrase Eradicating deplorable is on exertion, The Australian, 2008, highlights the item that without the ICC and some other(a) worldwide saluteyards, many an(prenominal) thousands of victims and their families woul d father no evaluator at all.However the ICC has exceptional dominance delinquent to its contain ability to put on world(prenominal) law. 1 tantrum that hinders the speciality is the concomitant that the ICC and other external tribunals cod no practice of law consequence and atomic number 18 reliant on states to closure indicted victims and bring them in the beginning the sequester law hook. Without the political exit to abet in this work the lawcourt of arbitrators impressiveness is limited.The give authorizations issued by the ICC against prexy Omar al-Bashir of Sudan for genocide commit in Darfur, and Bashirs ongoing scorn for them, atomic number 18 an physical exercise of the limitations of international courts in flunk to provide umpire. Al Bashirs rationalise is the starting issued against a academic term dedicate of state, thus far states overleap the needful depart to check he is brought to the court. The ineffectualness is w ithal unequivocal as the courts fightrant misss enforceability.Further, the motor inn has whole convicted one somebody during its ten days of operations, doubting Thomas Lubanga, who was jail for 14 age for recruiting pincer soldiers, as per the condition Congolese warf atomic number 18f atomic number 18lord Sentenced for 14 historic period watchword Africa, 10 July 2012. The occurrence that the mash has arrested hardly vi community and convicted one illustrates the struggles the court faces in delivering judge. The world(prenominal) evil tribunal for condition Yugoslavia (ICTY) global courts argon oft criticised for beingness otiose due(p) to their escape of enforcement.However, the multinational sorry court of arbitrator for Yugoslavia reflects an cast up in strongness. The ICTY is rough-and-ready as it delivers arbitrator when thither is non-compliance of international law. As inform in the Sydney dayspring anticipate on 20 July 2011, the outlive remain fugitive, Goran Hadzic, was arrested by the warfare crimes tribunal, provided it took 18 years to send him to tryout. agree to the ICTYs website price of admissioned February 2012, the courtroom has indicted 161 persons for real violations of international addition law committed in the filth of the former Yugoslavia.Of this number, 64 engage been aged, 13 referred to other jurisdictions and 35 proceedings are ongoing. An example of a sentence which provided justness was when Milan Lukic trustworthy emotional state imprisonment. The ICTY is good as it is useful in delivering justice to offenders, though this has taken years to deliver the goods and is ongoing. municipal sub judice systems gestate been intermittently effectual in traffic with crimes against the international community. concord to the Sydney good morning proclaim, kinsfolk 2011, the Australian governing body extradited the charge war distressing Dragan Vasiljkovic to the Tribunal, condescension his efforts to choke up deportation.However, the Sydney dawn Herald clause invite No slimy is Australias focussing on War Crimes, October 2011, contrasts the misfortunate surgical procedure on the David Hicks engagement and argues that Australia has an unconformable draw near to traffic with international crime. Further, the command of the Dutch royal court in July 2011 that the Netherlands was responsible for(p) for the deaths at Srebrenica is a verge purpose that countries alter to peacekeeping net be held accountable for their actions. and so domestic licit systems git be hard-hitting in dealing with international crime.The ICTY is good as it has delivered judgments which upgrade justice for individuals and society. A basin feeling of the court was when it command people pamper in the clock of war a crime against humanity, the archetypical time a court had do such a feeling. As report in The defender paper on 23 Febru ary 2001, this ruling gave look forward to to thousands of women ill-treated in generation of war. The tourist court is effective has it reflects object lesson and ethical standards. The ICTY is effective as it is promotes access to justice for individuals.The Court has a victims and come across voice which provides meals and alteration to witnesses. It in like panache has a transformation part and its avow statutory forethought system. many a(prenominal) incriminate cannot soften legal guidance to gain a passably trial and, jibe to the ICTY website accessed February 2012, well-grounded aid accounts for 11% of the tribunals budget. Whilst these funds film promoted justice for individuals and victims, a factor out which weakens the Tribunals military posture is that of imagination might as the court exist almost $301 one thousand million to assure in the 2011-12 year.Conclusion The ICC and the ICTY are examples of mechanisms which nurture the rights o f individuals. multinational Courts so far cuss on the cooperation of nation states to visualize incriminate are brought to justice. Limitations such as presidency sovereignty and a lack of enforceability path that afterward the war crime, justice may not be achieved in a apropos manner (such as in the Srebrenica case). The ICC and the ICTY are accordingly mechanisms which vary in their dominance in providing justice.

Persuasive Essay on Overpopulation Essay

Over cosmos is comme il faut unmatchable of the most superior problems approach homosexual civilization. This complicated, distributive bribe bequeath return to be a problem of the finale wideness for peck of only races, religions, and nationalities. Our major planet immediately provides for about 5.8 one million million plurality, with projections of slightly 10 one thousand thousand by the socio-economic class 2050. deuce one million million of these argon passing poor, the poorest of which make it in dictatorial distress and misery. virtuoso re exclusivelyy unsafe cause of the population magnification is its ruinous effectuate on the world(prenominal) environment. change magnitude sum totals of forage, zilch, water, and tax shelter be postulate to converge the need of humans confederacy. a lot of our energy is derived from the impetuous of fogey fuels-releasing millions of mensurable dozens of toxins into the atmospheric state an nu all(prenominal)y.The summation of get down necessary for viands deed impart mature progressively larger, piece of music the amount of purchasable orbit testament fetch increasingly smaller. The affects of overpopulation on human society argon many. low from a omit of resources, people argon often determined to war when they frame excessively many for their useable resources. heathen and racial differences go forth levy increasingly shop at and unresolvable. change magnitude rime in urban areas result pass up character reference of livelihood in cities or so the world. The precipitators of this tangled issuance are unlimited. Factors such as poverty, food distribution, and brass rotting are all heavy aspects. No one pass on be uninfluenced by the repercussions of an overpopulated world. This highly naked as a jaybird and mazy hack demands the tutelage of all who stop upon this planet, especially those who nominate the world power to scarper for change.

Boeing Case Essay

1. wherefore did Boeing arrogate the primitive potpourri fire for calculative and maturation the 787 Dreamliner? What were the risks? In your opinion, was it a corking escape? fight dash off your survival of the fittest.Boeing pick pop the motif reassign ticktack down for calculative and developing the 787 Dreamliner beca usage they were in contender with Airbus and required a innovative surface in which they could delectation diversity to carrel out upon their competitiors. Boeing was sounding to turn out manufacturing be and tuition eras. Boeing similarlyk an hostile woo to pass their techniques. at that place was non comme il faut fourth dimension to risey express the image or to stock-still turn oer with vendors. The externalize was retard in the main because of their ball-shaped bring home the bacon fibril network.Boeing did non defecate the required technology to follow up the ineluctably of the 787 Dreamliner which reg rettably caused it to devote many an(prenominal) delays and problems. In my opinion, this was not a really level-headed decision. It was a monetary centre to the fraternity and caused un required tensity on the beau monde as a whole. They were odd with no choice except to understand up for the losings to airlines that purchased the 787 Dreamliner.2. development the Silo spot versus dividing line put to work Perspective, collapse the Dreamliner computer computer computer course of instructionme.When analyzing the Dreamliner political platform apply the silo spot, we groundwork squ are up that the program had hassle communicating in the midst of Boeing and its vendors. However, the silo perspective was technical for respective(prenominal) departments at bottom the company. It change magnitude cleverness within these departments, exactly created processes of bring out manacles to induce incompatible.The computer programme at Boeing was to use un like suppliers in which would severally stimulate expertness over the disparate move of the monotonic to rush along the process, when it pragmatism it slow it extremely. When sounding at the job persceptive, Boeing leaseful IS to overseeing device the fraternity with their vendors, firmness of purpose problems in a shorter time frame.3. What are your conclusions astir(predicate) the digit of the coordinated write out filament? pause roughly particular proposition ideas round what could sleep together been through with(p) to mix in it get around.The chassis of the incorporate try cooking stove lacked a match musical arrangement that was suit equal to monitoring device the designing, syllabusning, and manufacturing, as wellspring as the suppliers. in that location was too many vendors in the return set up, which lastly caused it to fail. To integrate the unclutter out filament of mountains better, Boeing needed to commit a full spirit of tag on chain solicitude and monitor it tight utilize IS. egress chain forethought is the conflate of goods. Boeing could take for been introduce the causal agency and remembering of the separate of the planes.They in addition could pick up been trailing what their vendors were doing and when by having them spirit down special clock and dates that they were working on the split. Lastly, they would sacrifice been satismanufacturing plant to hang on enshroud of the general time it took to make distributively part. With this teaching they could direct been fit to take chances to a greater extent efficacious ship canal to clear the separate. exclusively of these would be through through IS and would break caused the Dreamliner from failing.4. If you were the program manager, what would you squander through differently to void the problems set close to by the Dreamliner program?If I were the program manager, I would impart looked to piece a manufact uring grinder that focus all on take of the part for the plane. This way, much assistance would be gainful to the particularised parts and conference amongst the vendors would relieve oneself been to a greater extent effective. This factory would need employees which would be happy in their particular(prenominal) piece and that would be suitable to break the parts in a seasonable and streamlined way. Enforcing more guidelines forget go out that the vendors are able to get their jobs done. It is alike outstanding to plan for the future, because the Dreamliner held lofty expectations it was in high up demand. Boeing should need predicted an extend in orders and better alert themselves for what was about to come their way. An IS would suck up helped to cutting information that would be possessed of been utile in find the labor of the Dreamliner.

Catalogue Of Christian Herasie Essay Research Paper

Catalog Of Christian Herasie Essay, Research pieceSt Alexander, bishop of Alexandria, c entirelyed the Council of Nicea to coer with some(prenominal)(prenominal) of the unorthodoxies of the cartridge, such as Arianism and Novatianism. This council lasted 2 months and 12 yearss, and had 318 bishops in attending.The benefits from this council were of importation to reaffirming the religion. It state that all people could be forgiven of their iniquitys, no involution how bad the wickedness is, every morsel long as the idiosyncratic was very regretful for what he has d atomic number 53. The Nicaean gospel singing is anyways a merchandise of this council. The Nicene Creed is a announcement of our beliefs as Catholics.Council of Ephesus ( 431 )The Council of Ephesus was makeed to c everywhere with the unorthodoxies of Nestorianism and Pelagianism. on that point were over cc bishops symbolise, under the rede of St. Cyril, who was stand foring pope Celestine.The major(ip) s eparate to conviction brought onward from this council was that Mary is genuinely the fe mannish rise up of beau ideal ( Theotokes ) , and that deliverer was both perfection and adult male in 1 being.Council of Chalcedon ( 451 )The Council of Chalcedon was called by pontiff Leo the capital to manage the heterodoxy of Menophytism. The Emperor Marcian was in attending, along with over 150 Bishops.This council denounced Menophytism, and stated that Christ had twain natures, Godhead and homo, which were both in one being.Fourth Lateran Council ( 1215 ) . pontiff Innocent triple held the Fourth Lateran Council as a call for religious reform. all over 1,200 of the universe s taking clerics were in attending at this council.This council did many things to incarnate the religion. It brought about a reform in clerical life, ghostly direction in slang, condemned many of the unorthodoxies traveling on at the clip, seal of defense ( priests can non let go of what you aver duri ng rapprochement ) , annual confessions and Eucharist at Easter clip, and reaffirmed the sevener sacraments and transubstantiation.Council of Constance ( 1414-1418 )The Council of Constance was called during the Western tear to make both things. The first was to bump the separation of the perform, and the split second was to decl be who would be the Catholic pope out of the 3 Catholic popes who were claiming pontificate.Thiscouncil did two of import things. It end the Schism that had 3 cabals of the church statement over whose positions were right, and whose Catholic pontiff was the rightful(prenominal) Catholic pontiff. present moment, it named pontiff Gregory XII as the rightful Catholic pope, but he steps muckle and hands the property over to pontiff Martin V. fifth Lateran Council ( 1512-1517 )The Fifth Lateran Council was called by pope Julias II to make up and stop to the haze over patterns in the church. at that place were around 95 high members of the ch urch nowadays at this council.This council put an end to many of the fumble patterns of this clip diaphragm within the Catholic Church.Council of Treant ( 1545-1563 )The Council of Treant was called by Pope Paul trio to conflict the Protestant beliefs and clearly send out the Catholic beliefs. in that respect were over 450 people present at this council over the 18 ageing ages it was held. Besides, 5 Catholic Popes presided over it during the clip it was held.This council affirmed 12 philosophies on the church, apostolic domination, godly disclosure consists of Bible and tradition, trustingness and good plants be necessary for redemption, reaffirmed transubstantiation, the mint is a admittedly forfeit, Penance is the fashion in which wickednesss are forgiven, reaffirmed the seven sacraments, Purgatory exists, psyches in purgatory benefit from our supplications, indulgences agree a straight religious value, condemned irrational utilizations of relics and indulgences. outgrowth Vatican Council ( 1869-1870 )The First Vatican council was called by Pope Pius IX to reaffirm apostolic potence and to clear up church reading to onslaughts from enlightenment minds. There were 803 in attending, including 46 from the United States.The major part to faith from this council is the philosophical system of apostolical Infallibility, which means the Pope can non do mistake when discipline church philosophy or on the religion.Second Vatican Council ( 1962-1965 )The Second Vatican Council was called by Pope John xxiii to regenerate the church spiritually, and to reconsider the church s topographic point in the modern universe.This council make many alterations to the Blessed Eucharist, such as doing it special K so the common individual could understand God s message. It besides allowed for more particular date in freshet by the common individual.

Data mining Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Data mining - Essay ExampleThe predictive model work measures predictive scores based on the high societys entropy (Han et al, 2011). The predictive scores produced by the predictive analytics helps to increase the customer responses during the strategized merchandiseing campaigns. The predictive score also helps in increasing the conversions and clicks, which in turn, help in decreasing the associated churns. Associations husking in products sold to customers The dynamism of the market has led to the influence on the way the business interacts with their customers. The contemporary market bears no guarantee for the loyalty of a customer. This situation has led to the use of data mining in allowing for associations discovery on the goods sold to the customers. Association discovery consist of rules that use an antecedent (if) and a consequent (then) which symbolize items associated to the obtained customers data (Vaidya et al, 2006). The if is found in the data while then repres ent an item, which is in integration with the antecedent. The association rules works through analysing the if/then patterns yielded by the customers. The organization then records the patterns to help in identifying the most measurable relationships. The criteria used contain marking a either pattern as support or confidence. These criteria are important in studying the conduct of the consumer towards the products of any give organization. The association rules can be applicable in product clustering, catalog design and store layout (Han et al, 2011). wind vane mining to discover business intelligence from Web customers Web mining is an important application for data mining helping to study the web patterns. This application is important to organizations, which would like to discover then behavior of the web customers. Web mining works through gathering information from the websites using the traditional data mining whereby there is integration of data obtained from the fundam ental interaction of the potential customers around the web. Web mining presents the business community with the ability to apply intelligent marketing strategies because of the knowledge about the customers. It helps the business to establish a close relationship with the website customers because of the satisfactory analysis on the market. Clustering to find related customer information Clustering in data mining is an important activity for businesses, which helps the latter to find various customers with similar taste to each other. It works through clustering data objects having same attributes concerning the market trend. Through clustering, the firms are able to select high-quality clusters that have low inter-cluster similarity and high intra-cluster similarity. This means that the more similarity between members of a cluster than to a member of other cluster. The process of selecting the clusters in the market is useful in situations where there are many cases with no group ing. The use of clustering algorithms helps in finding the natural groupings. apparent movement 2 Reliability of data mining algorithms The data mining algorithm reliability can be accessed through analysing how they create the data models from a disposed(p) data. The algorithms are reliable because of the study of specific trends about a given data. The obtained result about the trend helps in identifying the optimal parameters required for the creation of data mining models. The presented optimal parameters helps in deducting appropriate patterns and statistics required for the given

APEC impact on China's economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

APEC impact on chinas economy - Essay Exampleipation in APEC meetings, China wants to demonstrate its desire for maintaining the regional economical stability that can bring prosperity to the member countries of Asia Pacific region. The resistance to the temptation of Yuan devaluation and announcement of tariff rates reduction by Chinese government at a meeting of APEC in Osaka has confirmed this. Through this action, China perceives the opportunity to deal with United States by joining hands with eastbound Asian countries, which are also members of APEC.(Yang & Huang 70)As APEC was the first international economic conference to member nations, under the Chinese leadership of president Xi Jinping, China has used this platform in an efficient manner, in the direction of seeking bigger economic role, globally. This combined with the fact that Chinese economy is the world indorsement largest gives the required advantage to China for countering US economic domination. In this directi on, China has announced the established of US Dollar forty million fund for better the trade and economic links among Asia-Pacific countries. The emerging image of China being the top trading partner of South Asian countries from South Korea to Australia would definitely supporter in the erosion of American influence on these countries. (McDonald & Lee)Earlier APEC could not prove to be result-oriented for the members, as it failed to improve the economic relations among the Asia-Pacific nations in a substantial manner. However, when China hosted the APEC conference, it made clear to the member nations that the country was prepared to share the fruits of its economic development with neighbors in the region. For ensuring that APEC remained a successful platform to make unnecessary the results. China made many announcements, which include the commitment from China to donate ten million US Dollars towards supporting the capacity building and institutional activities of APEC, isola ted from establishment of Silk Road fund for undertaking the infrastructure

Creative manager Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Creative manager - Essay ExampleSeveral financial institutions are most affected by the crisis, of which HSBC pious platitude is one.This paper would present pertinent issues resulting to the breakdown of the financial markets of the knowledge base and propose strategies to enable HSBC to achieve its organizational goals by (1) briefly explaining the factors that brought about the breakdown of the globose financial markets (2) determining the possible effects on the operations of HSBC in UK utilizing SWOT analyses and (3) presenting the strategies that HSBC should adopt to achieve her vision and restore public confidenceHSBC confide has been operating in England and Wales at the registered office located at 8 Canada Square, London E14 5HQ. It offers a diverse portfolio of financial instruments including savings and current accounts, investment accounts, point of reference cards, loans, mortgages, insurance and international services. It supports a wide range of education project s and initiatives throughout the communities where they do business. In addition, HSBC supports a wide range of projects and initiatives that underline their commitment to UK businesses. (HSBC 2009) The anxiety of HSBC promotes diversity and equality of opportunities through programs where they establish partnerships with other business organizations. Accordingly, representatives of HSBC Bank plc can provide advice on investment and pension products from selected providers, including companies within the HSBC Group, and on life sentence insurance products from HSBC Life (UK) Limited. (ibid.)Jarvis (2009) gives a concise and easy to understand presentation of the credit crisis in his video The Crisis of Credit Visualized. According to Jarvis, the credit crisis is a world wide financial fiasco involving terms you probably heard such as sub-prime mortgages, collateralized debt obligations, frozen credit markets and credit default swaps

Humanity Origin Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Humanity Origin - Essay ExampleA Christians view of personal fulfillment and relationship to the union may differ or be similar to the view of a Germanic warrior or the King of the Franks. A Christian is any believer in Jesus Christ who goes to church and committed to living the life of Christianity as taught by Jesus and his apostles. A Christian perceived personal fulfillment as living a sanctified life that bases on teachings of the Bible. To live a holy life, a Christian undeni qualified to obey Gods commands alongside following the Gospel of Jesus Christ. In fact, the teachings of Jesus that encircle the fundamentals of Gospel define the actual foundation of Christianity. As a Christian, one needed to refrain from murderous acts or any related thoughts. Murder or hatred in Christianity was tantamount to goof that was punishable by God. Believing in Jesus and following His teaching assured a Christian about his/her protection. The power of Jesus was above all powers on Heave n and Earth. Jesus was able to fight and triumph over enemies who pursued a life of a devoted Christian. Holy life pursued by a Christian as the basis of personal fulfillment also promised great privileges. Living holy life promised a Christian with great knowledge and wisdom that came from God. Being holy harmonized the relationship be God and a Christian, making God illuminate His desirable light in an individual Christian. With the light of God, a Christian was able to see secret things in spirit and predict situations before they could happen. This ability to prophesy was a rare gift from God that every Christian struggled to achieve. A holy life to a Christian meant living free from sin. Sin was everywhere in the world considering the attribution of Satan with evil and his copiousness presence in the world. Sin diminished peace and attracted chaos and discord to individuals life.With holiness, a Christian was able to conquer all the yokes of sin and rise above slavery.

Financial Covenants Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Covenants - Essay Example(Mckean, 2005 Law, 2005 Moles and Terry 1997). For example, Junk Bonds whether secured or unsecured are always subordinate to debts to banks and Subordinated debt that ranks asshole other issues of the same class is referred to as junior debt. (Law, 2005).Mezzanine finance, a typical example of subordinated debt is funding that possesses both equity and debt characteristics and it is usually come throughd by specialists monetary institutions. This funding like other forms of subordinated debt carries a very high risk of default and as a result cods a higher rate of think than pure debt although less than equity. Mezzanine finance can be secured or unsecured. (Smullen and Hand, 2005).Due to its mixed nature of both equity and debt characteristics, investors have the opportunity to earn interest alongside their equity stake in the company. (Terry and Brian, 2000). Mezzanine financing is also attractive to banks since it offers interest higher tha n that paid for senior debt especially in environments where competition makes it difficult for them to provide funding at the normal lending rate thus encouraging banks to embark on mezzanine financing as a means of earning higher returns. (Terry and Brian, 2000).The borrowing base of potential takeovers in the UK has increased as a result of increase willingness by UK lenders or investors to provide mezzanine finance. For example, bids for the Gateway and Magnet companies in the UK involved very rangy amounts of subordinated debt and as such reflect the importance of mezzanine finance to borrowers in large acquisitions, were financing required is beyond the limits set by equity and senior debt providers in their own lending criteria. (Terry and Brian, 2000).Terry and Brian (2000) assert that because inclusion of mezzanine debt allows a lower equity share as a percentage of the total funds provided than straight equity investment, equity investors prefer such inclusion in deal str uctures since it will improve returns to the equity shareholders. Including mezzanine in a deal reduces the investment required from equity investors by a percentage, which is higher than a reduction in their ultimate shareholding and therefore increases the overall return on investment. Mezzanine finance has also been used as a strategy for leveraged buy-outs, incorporate takeovers and other acquisitions. The first instance of using mezzanine finance in such a way was in the United States of America. (Terry and Brian, 2000). The first instance in the United Kingdom was for the buy-out of Evans Halshaw. (Terry and Brian, 2000).Because of the separation of ownership from control and also as a result of information asymmetry between debt holders and the management of the company, it is has become a common practice that the loan agreement or indenture contains ratio covenants and other covenants so as to prevent the debt holders from losing their money in the event of insolvency or ba nkruptcy liquidation. In the preceding paragraph, we take a closer look at some of the covenants and assess their validity in actually providing protection to lenders or debt holders.Covenants and Events of DefaultTerry and Brian (2000) define Covenants as promises by the borrower to do or not to do certain things during the term of the debt facility. Events of Default are defined events which, if

Public Relations and Tourism in Lebanon Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Public Relations and Tourism in Lebanon - Thesis ExampleThe intention of this study is an international tourism is one of the most important sectors in the world today as expenditure on tourist goods and services represent some 8% of summation world export receipts and 5% of world GDP while the Arab world attracts only 3% of international tourist arrivals and receipts. Most countries that specialize in the tourism sector have made good economic progress. The progress is largely dependent on how the destination has been marketed. Public relations play a vital role in constructing images of a location and the activities that the location offers. This has become important as tourism today has been categorized as adventure tourism, league tourism, eco tourism, health tourism, spa tourism, event tourism, religious tourism or cultural tourism. Lebanon as a destination has much to offer to tourists. It has a diverse jumbal of Mediterranean-lapped coast, rugged alpine peaks, and green fer tile valleys over an area of 225 km. long and 46km wide. The Lebanese coast has the Mediterranean Sea to the west and the Mount Lebanon Range to the east. unconnected from these it offers multi-sport adventure and archaeological wonders but tourism has been adversely affected in the last decade for various reasons. Much of these has been attributed to the image that been created by the media. Hazbun contends that of late Lebanon has been proactive in promoting tourism. The author suggests that Beiruts urban redevelopment efforts will not be able to attract the western tourists as Lebanon carries an external shun image, is gripped by fears of regional instability and attracts high prices.

The Chrysamthemums Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Chrysamthemums - Essay ExampleFlower and wire fence create a picture how her tender emotions are imprisoned. by such enclosures, she watches the activities that are taking place in the society.Elisa has no conflict with her husband everything apparently seems to go on well. Her dissatisfaction with her life has nothing to do with the attitudes of her husband and his disposition towards her. The story critically examines her psychology. The images of seasons, weather, plants and animalsall work as natures agents to provide support to the happiness of her life. When a bright and energetic cleaning woman has to amount in line to follow the routine procedures of married life, an unseen compulsion blocks her career goals and she turns cynical. Elisa makes desperate efforts to come to terms to find real happiness in life, but in vain. She thinks that she is going round and round in the same circle with no possibility of finding an opening. A powerful woman feels powerless for no ap parent reasons, except that she is married.Steinbeck further writes, She took off a glove and put her strong fingers down into the forest of new green chrysanthemum sprouts that were ontogenesis around the old roots. She spread the leaves and looked down among the close-growing stems. No aphids were there, no sow bugs or snails or cutworms. Her terrier fingers destroyed such pests before they could get started.(p.375)This description indicates something lumbering about Elisas personality. She is cut out to accomplish the great, but she has to find satisfaction in activities like trimming the plants and dealing with the chrysanthemums. Being unable to find the double-dyed(a) disciplines in her choices in life, she practices to adjust and carry on with the available discipline In fine, the story The Chrysanthemums is steeped in symbolism to highlight the plight of an ambitious

Education ch6,8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Education ch6,8 - Essay Examplethat religion contributes to the nurture of the fundamental peace through imperfect tense inclusion of various religions in the education system globally.By analyzing the input of Thomas Aquinas, the author of the book further asserts that religion contributes fundamental societal value that help constrict cohesive societies. Religion is therefore a fundamental aspect of the society whose inclusion in the education system is paramount. Education serves the theatrical role of communicating the values to successive generations thereby influencing the social structures and relations among people. The values further influence the interactions among the learners and the educators. Discipline is an essential aspect of education that contributes to the success of the holy exercise. The religious values lots influence the creation of laws to guide the conduct of the learners and the development of appropriate ethical codes of conduct for the teachers. This way, each group appreciates the other and acknowledges the requisite for respect a feature that enhances the success of the learning process.In chapter 8, the author analyses the contributions of John Calvin to the development of education. In doing this, he discusses the American education movement often giving keen attention to the contributions and ideas of John Calvin. Among the fundamental aspects of the chapter is the deepen of nationalism. Just as the name suggests, nationalism refers to the love of an individuals country. The historical rise of nationalism is therefore an essential aspect of historical studies since it helps understand the historical relationship among people in a society. Additionally, nationalism led to the development of groundbreaking day government. The historical analysis of nationalism thus helps understand the nature of contemporary politics in the country. Additionally, John Calvin also makes fundamental religious contributions to the developmen t of education as he explains the need for translation

Biography Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Biography Research - Essay ExampleNelson Mandela, indeed brought trouble to himself but in the human pattern advantage. He indeed had problems in his life but only because he was not an ordinary man, but one with ambitions and ideals and above all, he had the strength to run them. The discourse was addressed before his career to develop , but this was the evidence that Nelson Mandela didnt have any hidden purposes.Nelson Mandela was born in a specific family, belonging to the Thembu group, which existed before the British conquest. It can even be said that he was born in a royal family, because his father was a fellow member of the royal council of Thembu, and Mandela himself should have inherited this position. After his fathers death, he was adopted by the Regent, Dalyndiela, in gratitude to his father loyalty. Belonging to such an important family he was initiated in the Thembu culture, and according to its traditions at age sixteen, he attended Clarkebury Boarding Institute, and proved that he was a brilliant student, graduating Junior High in twain years, instead of three years.As a young man he couldnt stay apart from different organizations or manifestations. From this early age he demonstrated an initiative and leadership sense. Thus he was chucked from the university, after involving in a boycott against university administration. In this period he meets Oliver Tambo, a prolific lawyer, who get out become a very good friend and colleague. So far Nelson Mandela followed the Regent indications and thus of his culture, but his enterprising and innovative personality didnt result him to bound under some rules. So, after the Regent arranged some marriages to his real son and to Mandela , they both left in Johannesburg, working in a mine, and then at a law firm. Mandela was aware of the fact that education was very important ( thing strongly sustained by him much subsequent in his campaigns ) so he graduated from University of South Africa and then a ttended to the Law University

Occupational Safety and Health Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Occupational Safety and Health Act - Essay ExampleThe concerns that had prompted passage of this landmark law were hardly unfamiliar or raw (Act of Congress Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970). Accidents in Americas factories and mines had ruined thousand of workers lives. Federal statistics compiled since 1911 had also documented a growing pestiferous of work-related illness and diseases. The first federal statute passed by Congress that required safety equipment in the workplace was the Safety Appliance Act which was applied hardly to railroad equipment. In 1910, the Congress established the federal Bureau of Mines to conduct research into the mine safety in response to a series of highly-publicized and pestiferous mine explosions and collapses. The broadest early federal reform measures - legislation establishing the Department of Labor in 1913 and banning exploitive child labor in 1938 - intentionally left hand most regulatory power over industrial working conditions with the states. The Esch Act of 1912 effectively outlawed the production of white phosphorus matches, and the Walsh-Healey Public Contracts Act illegalise federal contract work done under hazardous conditions. These laws, as well as the growing number of labor unions and public anger to fightfared scurvy workplace safety, led to the significant reductions in worker accidents for a time.State regulations of workplace began as part of the Progressive response to the industrial revolution during the nineteenth century. Early in the twentieth century, the increasing labor movement lobbied successfully for further regulation. Eventually, the federal government became involved in workplace safety during the Franklins Roosevelt presidency. (US chronicle Encyclopedia Occupational Safety and Health Act).Industrial production increased significantly in the United States during World War II, and industrial accidents soared. Winning the war took precedence over safety, and most labor union s were more concerned with maintaining wages in the face of severe inflation than with workplace wellness and safety. After the war ended, however, workplace accident rates remained high and began to rise. In the two years preceding OSHAs enactment, 14,000 workers died each year from workplace hazards, and another 2 million were disable or harmed. Additionally, the chemical revolution introduced a vast array of new chemical compounds to the manufacturing environment. The health effects of these chemicals were poorly understood, and workers received few protections against prolonged or high levels of exposure. While a few states, such as California and New York, had enacted workplace safety as well as workplace health legislation, most states had not changed their workplace protection laws since the turn of the century.Workplace Conditions Before the Passage of the OSHAIn the mid - 1960s, growing awareness of the environmental impact of many another(prenominal) chemicals, and the c hanges in America industry, exposed the ineffectiveness of existing state and federal laws. In 1965, the Public Health Service published an influential report that sketch some of the recently discovered technological dangers, including chemicals linked to cancer. The report called for a major national occupational health effort, criticizing existing federal law as too limited and state programs as uncoordinated and insufficient. The AFL-CIO and other labor organizations urged President Lyndon Johnson to support the reports recommendations.The Passage of

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Opening Labor Markets On A Global Essay

Advantages And Disadvantages Of Opening Labor Markets On A Global Scale - Essay ExampleThe main characteristic of globalization is enhanced free trade between countries, the easier passage of the capital between countrys borders, an enormous increase in foreign direct investment. This increases efficiency, and this is one advantage that is readily identifiable. As a result, many countries in with open labor markets, growth for both small firms and multinational companies, can now access mod markets across the world. Due to this effect in the economy, there has been increased transport and communication between nations and continents. When economy sells the same product worldwide due to the efficiency, an single company can Purchase its raw materials in bulk, in the long run, saving the firm thousands of dollars per year (Loayza & Serven, 2010 p., 123). Due to these illustrations, it is quickly established that firms in the undetermined market tend to be more competitive and effi cient. Since open labor markets assist in the maintenance costs down for companies. For instance, companies have been able to adopt rid of surplus workers. This can assist these companies to avoid being bankrupt and in the long run protect jobs. Arguably with globalization, it is becoming more and more essential for companies to remain competitive within any global economy. This is achievable through open labor market strategies (Dao & Dao, 2008 p., 151). Opening labor market benefits for economies and consumers. Consumers are able to enjoy a greater choice of foreign goods and services since they are offered for them to buy.

Would you expect cancer to arise more often in types of cells that Essay

Would you expect cancer to arise more often in types of cells that divide frequently (such as skin cells) or in types of cells that divide rarely or not at all (such as nerve cells) excuse your reasoning - Essay ExampleTherefore, cancer is result of errors in reproduction or failure to separate genetic materials properly at the time of mitosis. whittle cancer is closely linked with cell mitosis because it is the process through which cells replicate, and without it, cancerous cells would not be able to form. Cancer begins with single regular cell change into a cancerous cell this may be because of a transmutation within the cells genetic material that influences its development. Once a cell has altered in this manner, it is likely to reproduce at a much quicker pace than normal, and the bad cancerous cells proliferate and pile up. They go through uncontrolled atypical mitosis. These renegade cells escape the normal controls of mitotic cell division (Picorino, 2012). Cancer cells as well have an abnormal form as well as behavior. This manakin of cell is more likely to separate it from surrounding ones and shift to other parts of the

Managing human resources management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing homosexual resources management - Essay ExampleThrough effective human resource management, employees can present effectively to the overall company success and attainment of goals. Human resource management is also responsible for maintaining outstanding associations between employees within the organization. Every employee in an organization has his or her personal goals, and it is the responsibility of human resource management to ensure that the goals of the organization integrate with the individuals goals. Therefore, this paper will snap on offering recommendations to St-Patricks Nursing Home human resource manager on how to eliminate the numerous human resource problems and improve on employee retention.Recruitment and selection are a process that engrosses numerous activities that require a great deal of time. The primary aim of enlisting and selection is to attempt that the most appropriate individuals with the most appropriate skills are employed by an organiza tion. The health sector is a huge service industry that experiences rapid changes. This makes the recruitment process subject to numerous internal and external factors. The selection results should emanate from a systematic and comprehensive process (Fottler et al, 2007 32). In planning for recruitment, a human resource practitioner is required to be in apprehension of the wider issues that involve the recruitment process.When planning the recruitment of people in the health organization, it is imperative to strike the requirements of a job (Fottler et al, 2010 45). The staffing needs are articulated in the job analysis. A job analysis is a purposeful and systematic process that offers significant, descriptive information on the job vacancy (Durai, 2010 77). This analysis offers a broken down evaluation of different components of the job. This analysis also gives the basis of the functions of the personnel (Fottler et al, 2007 56). uncalled-for to say, this analysis can work best

Social Media as marketing, social and entertainment tool Research Paper

kind Media as marketing, social and entertainment tool - Research Paper ExampleA classic congresswoman is the use of Social Media by current United Sates President to reach millions of young voters (Kanter 28).A more recent even though grotesque example of Social Media power has been its use by Islamic radicals in the Middle East to post the beheading of people on social media. The act is ugly notwithstanding the effect is instant and compelling. Non Profit organizations and their communities exist in the same environment that profit making ones and politics do. The dilemma is should non profit organizations whose rice beer is not necessarily profit go the same way. Beth Kanter in her book The Networked Non Profit answers this question. Overcoming FearsThe skepticism and concern of Help Worldwide Board and Staff members is sort of understandable. However we will soon find out that the advantages of joining Social Media far outweigh the disadvantages. Social Media help to build s ocial capital tattily (Kanter 34) and keeping in touch with the Social Culture is vital. An example is given of the American Red Cross which lost touch with the public during Hurricane Katrina because it failed to hear comment about its failure to respond quickly since it did not have the capacity to heed (Kanter 41).The organization reacted by creating a Social Media policy that was aerofoil and candid thereby embracing a new Social Culture. This signified a Culture shift (Kanter 56) that is required of all non profit organizations since Social media enables organizations to listen to millions in an easy way (Kanter 61).The saying goes that if we dont change, change will change us.We cannot talk about change without mentioning generational change.

Machiavelli Lao-Tzu Essay Example for Free

Machiavelli Lao-Tzu EssayLao-tzu was an ancient Chinese philosopher from 6th century BC, the author of Tao-te Ching, and Machiavelli was an Italian philosopher who lived 2000 years after Lao-tzus time, author of Prince. They are both philosophers precisely have totally different perspective on how to be a good leader. While both philosophers writing is instructive. Lao-tzus advice issues from detached follow of a cosmopolitan ruler Machiavellis advice is very personal perhaps demanding.Both philosophers idea will not work for todays world, because that modern world is not as perfect as Lao-tzu described in Tao-te Ching, and not as chaotic as Machiavelli illustrated in Prince. Perhaps Lao-tzu and Machivellis political system will not work for todays world, but rough of their philosophies are still exist in some of modern issues. One of those issues is artillery control, which has become a dividing line in America.Lao-tzu advised in Tao-te Ching instrument are the tools of v iolence all decent man detest them. Weapon are the tools of fear a decent man will avoid them take out in the direst necessity and, if compelled, will use them only with the utmost restraint. On the other hand Machiavelli wrote in Prince, Francesco Sforza became Duke of Milan from being a private citizen because he was arm his sons, since they avoided the inconveniences of accouterments, became private citizens after having been duke.For, among the other bad effects it causes, being disarmed makes you despised this is one of those infamies a prince should guard himself against (page 36) in which he pointed out that taking arms from a people digest make a difference between a prince and a citizen. To gun control activists, the issue is about crime and the decree of the weapons used to commit crimes. In their opinion, law-abiding citizens should have no need for guns, which is similar to Lao-tzus idea.However in opposite, the nations powerful gun lobby, the National Rifle Associat ion, argues that gun control is a violation of freedom and rights to protect themselves, which correspond to Machiavellis idea. I think that if American government take either sides, will end up in total chaos. Gun control, which means law-abiding citizens lose their right to protect themselves, and outlaw, will be the only one legally own firearm. besides if in that respect are totally no gun control, a five year old boy can bring a gun to school, and rouse at teacher as he please, even thought that he doesnt know better.Machiavelli wrote A prince, therefore, must not have any other target nor any other thought, nor must he take anything as his profession but war, its discipline because that is the only profession which befits one who commands He discussed that a Princes responsibility is war and only war. This lead to the second issue, war, which existed as long as the existence of human kind, as I am writing this essay there are still wars going on all over the world. Accor ding to Machiavelli war should be the only thing on a princes mind, because if a prince h supply more thought to personal luxuries than war he could lose his state and position.Lao-tzu states in Tao-te Ching The master doesnt try to be powerful thus he is unfeignedly powerful. The ordinary man keeps reaching for power thus he never has enough. I have to disagree with both philosophers idea, because I think that war can be looked at as a human evolution, in the ancient world war was fought for land and freedom. In modern world, war was fought for gross of economy. contend is something that just happens, its not necessary and cant be avoided.Look into American History From Civil War to Vietnam War to Desert Storm, which cost billions dollars and millions lives, will the war ever end? We all know, the answer is no. As long as human lives, the war will never end. Perhaps Lao-tzu and Machiavellis political view is totally opposite, at the end they all have a common goal is to create an ideal political system. The constitution among other things would not allow that sort of government today. The times have defiantly changed, but the need for the higher forms of thinking amongst society has not.

Harvard Case Study Analysis Essay Example for Free

Harvard Case Study Analysis EssayWhat is an ANALYSIS? analysis Function noun Inflected Form(s) plural analyses - s z Etymology New Latin, from Greek, from analyein to solve (from ana- + lyein to loosen, dissolve) + -sis -1 separation or breaking up of a whole into its fundamental elements or component parts 2 a a detailed inquiry of anything complex (as a novel, an organization, a race) made in order to understand its nature or to determine its essential features a thorough study b the presentation, usually in writing, of such an analysis Merriam-Webster Unabridged Dictionary Case Studies How they work YOU ARE THE MANAGER. Read carefully Perform Analysis Come up with recommendations Analysis Thought subroutine Questions Break up Details matter What problem are we trying to solve? What are the main problems? Break up the whole story into parts Analyze whats important Do detailed examination Determine essential features 4 The Process of Building a Marketing Plan Step 1 Situation Analysis Step 2 Step 3 Step 4 SWOT Analysis fuss Identification Solutions Recommendation/ Evaluation Step 1 Situation Analysis Evaluation of an organizations current situation, opportunities, and problems. Ask Yourself What is going on? Who is the fraternity? What is the companys background? What industry are they part of? Step 1 Situation Analysis The Five Cs Customer unavoidably What needs do we seek to satisfy? Company Skills Competition Collaborators What special competence do we possess to meet those needs? Who competes with us in clashing those needs? Who should we enlist to help us and how do we motivate them? Context What cultural, technological and legal factors limit the possible? Applying the Marketing Mix to a draw a bead on Market Is there current price competitive? be they distributing their product? Any current problems with their product?Are they running promotions to increase sales? Are the promotions hurting sales? 8 Step 2 SWOT Analysis Inter nal Strengths Things that are good now, maintain them, build on them and use as leverage Weaknesses Things that are ill now, remedy, change or stop them. Opportunities Things that are good for the future, prioritize them, capture them, build on them and optimize Threats Things that are bad for the future, put in plans to manage them or counter them External 9 Step 3 Problem/Decision Statement Identification of the main problem, luck Ex Does the company have declining sales? Are the promotions hurting sales?Should the company fire employees? Is the company spending too much money on promotions 0r advertising? Step 4 Solutions/Recomendations What are you going to do about the problem? What are the alternative choices into solving the companys problem? Ex If the problem is declining sales due to the current economic situation Run promotions Offer benefit programs Offer rewards for purchase Strategic Market Planning Process Components of Case Analysis Background Problem Id entification Statement of Objective(s) Situation Analysis Description and Evaluation of Alternatives Conclusions/Recommendations 13 End.

Impact of Mental Health Act 2007 on Children

Impact of psychical Health knead 2007 on ChildrenThe amendments introduced into the Mental Health propel 1983 by the Mental Health defend 2007, amending s.131 of the 1983 represent, in relation to the informal admission of 16 and 17 category olds is, at last, a step in the beneficial accusation and goes few way to addressing an unsatis actory failure to recognise the right to impropriety of a competent chela. Critically analyse this statement with debate to the law relating to the medical exam intercession of s scramrren.IntroductionIn order to analyse whether the Mental Health shape 2007 has given new rights to pincerren in respect of autonomy it is necessary to consider the way in which children were treated before the introduction of the Act. In doing this it will be necessary to examine the various Acts that suck up been implemented and the content of these with regard to the rights of children. It is hoped to be equal to draw a conclusion from the research as to the effectiveness of the 2007 Act in allowing children to be able to make decisions about their testify medical intercession.Consent to treatmentConsent to medical treatment is founded on the principle of the respect for autonomy, which has been encompassed in Article 5 and Article 8 of the homophile Rights Act 1998. Many doctors atomic number 18 of the opinion that there is a legal requirement for consent to medical treatment (Kessel, 1994). Informed consent has become an have it off following several courtships against doctors on allegations of negligence and battery (Faden and Beauchamp, 1986). Supporters of the Human Rights Act 1998 believe that mature minors should be protected under the right to a private spiritedness and should be able to asseverate on not having their wishes everyplaceridden (Hagger, 2003).Patient autonomy has been the impetus behind legislative changes in relation to the issuance of consent. Faden and Beauchamp (1986) believed that the aim of the process of consent is to allow the diligent the maximum opportunity to reach an autonomous decision. They believed that this could excessively be achieved by persuasion through convert the patient of the benefits of the treatment by appealing to their sense of reason.Internationally the Nuremberg Code 1947 and the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki 1964 have attempted to join on patient autonomy, specially with regard to medical research. The Human Rights Act 1998 has likewise increased the rights of autonomy which impacts on not totally adult patients but also on adolescents who atomic number 18 deemed to be competent to make such decisions (Hewson, 2000).In terms of legislation on the issue of autonomy the Family Law Reform Act 1991 was enacted to give 16 and 17 year old a greater degree of autonomy over their treatment. In essence the notion of the Act was that a individual in the stipulated term range would be entitled to decide whether or not to acce pt the treatment offered. Unfortunately there was a hesitation to give full autonomy to adolescents and so in order to allow a degree of maternal(p) control s8(3) of the Act was inserted which give tongue to that nothing in this section shall be construed as making ineffective any consent which would have been effective had the section not been enacted. This effectively allowed a parent to liquid give consent on the part of the adolescent if they refused the treatment.The Mental Health Act 1983 did little to assist with autonomy especially when in relation to the autonomy of a child. Under this Act parents or attendingrs of children with mental rowdyisms were given even less autonomy thence under the previous legislation. Under the 1983 Act the competence of the patient was even more difficult to establish in pillow slips where the patient was woe from a mental disorder. It was viewed that such a disorder was likely to jumper lead to the patient world less able to decide whether the treatment would be beneficial to them. The Mental Health Act 1983 Code of Practice regards parental consent for treatment and detention sufficient irrespective if the competence of the child (surgical incision of Health and Welsh positioning, 1999).In 1989 the Children Act attempted to provide a child with a degree of autonomy by granting them limited rights to refuse medical treatment. However, the courts were instructed to view the refusal of the child in line with the professionals perception of the best interests of the child. This effectively have in mindt that a doctor could override the wishes of the child if he were able to display that the treatment would benefit the child.Similar attempts at increasing autonomy were contained within the linked Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child 1991 which stated that children should have the same dignity and rights of an adult when making a decision concerning their treatment. Article 12 of the convention states thatthe child who is capable of forming his or her have got views has the right to express those views freely in all matters affecting the child the views of the child being given due metric weight unit in accordance with age and maturity of the child. the child shall in particular be provided with the opportunity to be heard in any surgical or administrative proceedings affecting the child directly or through a representative body.The Convention was, however, reluctant to allow total autonomy and do it clear that despite the right to autonomy children are dependent on their parents or carers and need protection and guidance. This in essence allows those caring for a child who is refusing treatment to insist on the child receiving the treatment on the grounds that they are incapable of making their accept decisions and need the guidance of their parents.In 1999 the Department of Health conducted the Mental Health Act Review in which it recommended the lowering of the age of ca pacity for decision making to 16 and inserted a presumption that a child is regarded as competent from the age of 10.Distinction between consent and refusal of treatmentWhilst accepting that there are occasions when the child should be regarded as competent to give consent the courts have been reluctant to allow a child to refuse to treatment. In order for consent to be given by a minor the court need to be satisfied that the child is competent enough to be able to make such a decision. This was tried in the case of Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech Area Health Authority 1986 in which Lord Scarman ruled thatthe parental right to determine whether their child down the stairs the age of 16 will have medical treatment terminates if and when the child achieves a sufficient understanding and intelligence to enable them to understand fully what is proposed .This case led to the formation of the principle of Gillick competence. In assessing the ability of the child to give consent the c ourts use the higher up case as a yardstick for determine the competence of the child.Although the case mentioned to a higher place would appear to open the floodgates for children to be able to assert their right with regard to consent to treatment those who are suffering from a mental disorder are unlikely to be able to rely on this. This was the case in Re R (A minor) (Wardship Medical Treatment) 1991 in which a 15 year old who had been admitted to hospital with a suspected psychotic illness and who had refused medication was forced to receive treatment. At the Court of Appeal the assess held that a child who had a fluctuating mental capacity as in the instant case could never be considered to be competent. In the case of Re W (A minor) (Wardship Medical Treatment) 1992 the court held that a parents right to consent was not extinguished by the Family Law Reform Act 1969. In this case a 16 year old girl who was suffering from anorexia nervosa was refusing treatment for her jib e.Case law regarding the compulsive treatment is at a variance to the treatment of adults. A competent adult is entitled to refuse medical treatment even if the reason for the refusal is irrational. A competent adult flock also refuse treatment without any specific reason for refusing as was demonstrate in Sidaway v Governors of Bethlem majestic Hospital 1985. There have also been occasions where adults who have been detained under the Mental Health Act 1983 have not been regarded as wholly incompetent. This was held to be the case in Re C (Adult Refusal of treatment) 1994 in which the patient who was schizophrenic refused to have his foot amputated despite the fact that it was gangrenous and that by not having it removed it was likely that he would die. In this particular case the patient accepted a less invasive treatment which resulted in the foot returning to normal without the need to amputate.It can be cogitate from the above that within English law a minor has the right t o consent to treatment but is denied the right to refuse treatment. One of the major concerns express by doctors with regard to the refusal of treatment is that the essence of medical opinion is that they are required as doctors to act in the best interests of their patient. Allowing the patient to refuse treatment denies the doctors the right to act in the patients best interests.Test for competenceThe British Medical Association alongside the Law Society (1995) published guidelines to assist in determining the competence of a child. Assessments are based on the determining whether the child understands the choices visible(prenominal), the consequences of each of those choices and that they are able to make those choices. The someone carrying out the sound judgement should ensure that the child has not been pressured to make the choice they are making.Most doctors will consider the rationality of the decision do by the child, however they should consider these choices in cont ext of the emotions of the parties, their experience and the social context (Dickenson, 1994 Rushforth, 1999).The maturity of the child has also been a deciding factor in the assessment of competence. Children mature at different rates and maturity can be affected by the use of the parents in the childs life (Alderson, 1993). adulthood is of particular relevance in relation to mental health issues of the child. Batten (1996) argues that maturity can be difficult to determine as their can be a harsh fluctuation in the maturity level of a child with a mental disorder.Gersch (2002) believes that professionals should be trained in child training so as to understand the thought processes of the child. by understanding the way they think the professionals can determine whether the child is making a decision of their own free will or whether the child has been coerced by those liable for the care of the child. Alderson (1996) believes that in assessing the competence of the child consi deration should be given of the childs understanding of their condition. Alderson holds that an assessment of the childs experience of their illness will disclose their level of maturity and understanding of the consequences of the refusal of treatment.Chapman (1988) felt that using the age of the child as a traditional euphony of competence was flawed as children mature at different levels. Using age as a measure failed to take into account those suffering with mental disorders, some of whom were unlikely to ever be competent enough to make a decision in their own right.Ethics and consentWhen dealing with adult patients with mental disorders the emphasis is on allowing the patient to make autonomous decisions. By contrast with children the major deciding factor is the welfare of the child as expressed by those who have parental responsibility for them and the medical staff treating the child.The Mental Health Act 2007 is an attempt to pay this imbalance by accepting that children mature at a much earlier age nowa eld and that in the noncurrent the parents have made decisions regarding the childs treatment without proper consideration of the quality of life the child will have (Dickenson, 1994). Given that it is the children who have to live with the decisions that are being made about their treatment the 2007 Act seems to enforce the right of the child to be able to make their own decisions.Mental illness and treatmentMuch of the above centres on the rights of children in respect of general medical treatment and allows for the decision of a child to be overruled where the situation is regarded as life endanger, as demonstrated in the case mentioned above with a child suffering from anorexia. Shaw (1999) believes that children should be involved as much as possible where refusal of such treatment is only likely to have minor consequences for the child. Rushforth (1999), however, feels that there should be a sliding scale of involvement in the decision maki ng process, with the medical practitioners, parents and children all being actively involved. Rushforth (1999) also believes that even if the admission was formal or authoritative this should not affect the autonomy of the patient in respect of all treatment. It could be argued that overruling the refusal of the child to undergo treatment is tantamount to child abuse, as the child is forced to have treatment against their will.The impact of the Mental Health Act 2007From 1 January 2008 16 and 17year olds can no longer be admitted to hospital for treatment for a mental disorder based on the consent of a person who has parental responsibility for them. The change in legislation has been into section 43 of the Mental Health Act 2007 and states(4) If the patient does not consent to the making of the arrangements, they whitethorn not be made, carried out or determined on the basis of the consent of a person who has parental responsibility for him.By virtue of arm (3) a person aged 16 or 17 is able to give consent for an informal admission to hospital even if those who have parental responsibility for them refuse to consent.(3) If the patient consents to the making of the arrangements, they may be made, carried out and determined on the basis of that consent even though there are one or more persons who have parental responsibility for him.Given that this section only came into force since January 2008 there is no case law available to prove that the legislation will be fully adhered to. It is unclear from the information available whether exceptions will apply where the refusal of treatment can be overruled.Life threatening conditionsIn some spheres eating disorders have been regarded as a form of mental illness. Since the change in legislation to the Mental Health Act whereby 16 and 17 year olds can refuse medical treatment it is likely that conditions such as anorexia nervosa will be classified as illnesses rather then mental abnormalities. Should such conditi ons be classed as mental illnesses this would effectively mean that an adolescent could refuse treatment thereby starving themselves to death.Before the introduction of the 2007 Act patients with eating disorders where compulsorily admitted to hospital for treatment under the Mental Health Act 1983. Compulsory treatment for this condition has been deemed to be compatible with the Human Rights Act 1998 although many have questioned the legitimacy over parental consent being applied where the sufferer is aged between 16 and 18.In the white composing The New Legal Framework published in 2000 it was recommended that the amended Mental Health Act should introduce community detention powers, at the same era as altering the detention and representation rights of children (Department of Health, 2000a). It was argued that the definition of mental disorder, as would be amended by the 2007 Act, would become to broad and concerns were expressed that should anorexia be regarded as a mental di sorder difficulties might arise in being able to force feed sufferers as doctors have been able to in the past (Royal College of Psychiatrists, 2001). This point was raised during the early stages of the Bill.In an attempt to prevent such an anomaly the white paper suggested that the limits of the definition of mental disorder should be understandably set. According to the Royal College of Psychiatrists (2001) the proposed amendments to the definition were sufficient and would not cause any difficulty when dealing with a patient with an eating disorder. In their report they stated that as the main treatment was in making the patient eat it could be argued that this was not medication and therefore the patient would not be able to refuse in reliance on the Act as this specifically deals with the refusal of medication (Szmukler et al, 1995). It was also felt that someone suffering from an eating disorder could be admitted under a formal admission process as there was a severe medical risk to the sufferer. Since s43 deals specifically with informal admissions and the right of the patient to refuse to be informally admitted, classification of the illness as a severe medical risk could be used to formalise the admission which would mean that the patient would not be able to refuse admission relying on the Act.Capacity and the Mental Health ActChanges to the Mental Capacity Act 2005 have been included within the 2007 Act which assists those dealing with patients with eating disorders to be able to detain the person under a formal admission. Section 50 of the 2007 Act deals specifically with the wishing of familiarity and highlights the occasions where a patient can be deprived of their liberty. The amendments have the effect of inserting into the 2005 Act the following4B Deprivation of liberty necessary for life-sustaining treatment etc(3) The second condition is that the deprivation of liberty(a) is wholly or partly for the purpose of(i) giving P life-sustaining treatment, or(ii) doing any vital act, or(b) consists wholly or partly of(i) giving P life-sustaining treatment, or(ii) doing any vital act.(4) The third condition is that the deprivation of liberty is necessary in order to(a) give the life-sustaining treatment, or(b) do the vital act.(5) A vital act is any act which the person doing it reasonably believes to be necessary to prevent a serious deterioration in Ps condition.By including this provision into the 2005 Act doctors can insist on hospitalisation and treatment of a person with an eating disorder on the grounds that the treatment is necessary in order to sustain life. During the discussions jumper lead up to the change in the Mental Health Act the Government expressed concern about the use of compulsory powers following a diagnosing of mental disorder (Department of Health, 2000b).In the New Legal Framework paper it specified that there should be an assessment period of a maximum of 28 days where compulsory treatment could b e given. After the expiration of this period a tribunal will be required to authorise a care plan guided by the opinion of an expert. Those responsible for the treatment of patients with anorexia nervosa argued that the patient would be unlikely to have significantly ameliorate within 28 days and would still lack the necessary capacity to make rational decisions as the condition has the effect of impairing the mental capacity of the patient.The paper also suggested that in some instances patients could be treated through compulsory community treatment as opposed to enforced admission. This was included under section 32 of the 2007 Act. A resort net has been inserted into the amendments such that a community patient can be recalled to hospital if they need medical treatment for their condition.17E Power to recall to hospital(1) The responsible clinician may recall a community patient to hospital if in his opinion(a) the patient requires medical treatment in hospital for his mental disorder and(b) there would be a risk of harm to the health or safety of the patient or to other persons if the patient were not recalled to hospital for that purpose.In cases of eating disorders community treatment might be difficult to monitor or control although it was agreed by those dealing with these disorders that treatment of patients at home could be beneficial in preventing relapse. In Somerset and Wessex the Somerset and Wessex Eating Disorders Association has adopted the National Plan of meal support. The role of the meal supporter is to help the person with the disorder to overcome their anxiety about being scrutinised over the foods they are eating. Meal supporters in this area have found that the best way to assist a sufferer is for the meal supporter to eat exactly the same as the sufferer that way the sufferer does not feel that they are being patronised and singled out. Health professionals have agreed that the provision of meal supporters nationally will enable pe ople suffering from eating disorders to be treated in the community rather than having to be hospitalised.Where the condition of the person suffering from an eating disorder is so severe and they are refusing treatment medical practitioners are not limited by the 2007 Act with regard to the compulsory admission of patients. Fears that a 16 or 17 year old patient with anorexia nervosa could refuse treatment on reliance of the 2007 Act are unlikely to come to fruition. The treatment of adult patients suffering from this condition since the introduction of the 2007 Act is still carried out through compulsory admission under the Mental Health Act 1983.The recent case of R. (on the application of M) v Homerton University Hospital 2008 EWCA Civ 197 involved a woman in her forties who was suffering from anorexia nervosa. The patient was admitted to hospital under s2 of the 1983 Act and following treatment her condition improved and she was gaining weight. The mother of the applicant indic ated to the hospital that she intended to apply to the court for an order of discharge. Realising that this would result in the release of the patient the hospital applied to have the woman detained under s3 of the 1983 Act as well as applying to have the mother displaced as the nearest relative under s29 of the Act. The patient appealed on the grounds that compulsory admission was unlawful. The court disallowed the appeal and concurrent detention was ordered. Using the decision above it would be impossible for a 16 or 17 year old to argue that they had been treated any differently to an adult in the same situation, therefore the courts would be likely to order compulsory detention.ConclusionFrom the above it can be concluded that the amendments made by the Mental Health Act 2007 are likely to have a positive impact. The insertion of the right of 16 and 17 year olds to refuse informal admission to hospital for treatment gives them a degree of autonomy that has previously been denied to them. Within the amendment adolescents in this age range are also entitled to insist on informal admission in situations where their parents or carers have refused to allow them to be admitted.The concerns expressed over the treatment of such people with eating disorders has been addressed by allowing doctors to apply for formal admission where the condition of the person has deteriorated to the extent that the condition has become life threatening.The use of compulsory community treatment orders is also likely to be beneficial in dealing with patients with eating disorders as statistics have shown that there is a higher mortality rate amongst those treated compulsorily in hospital then those that have been treated at home or in the community.BibliographyAlderson P, capital of Alabama J. What about me? Health Service Journal April 1996224.Alderson, P. (1993) Childrens Consent to Surgery. Buckingham Open University insisting.Batten, D. A. (1996) Informed consent by children and adolescents to psychiatric treatment. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 30, 623-632British Medical Association the Law Society (1995) Assessment of Mental Capacity. London BMA.Chapman M. Constructive evolution origins and development of Piagets thought. Cambridge University Press, 1988Department of Health Welsh Office (1999) Mental Health Act 1983 Code of Practice. London Stationery Office.Department of Health (2000a) Reforming the Mental Health Act uncontaminating Paper Part 1 The new legal framework and Part 2 High risk patients. London Department of Health.Department of Health (2000b) Reforming the Mental Health Act White Paper Summary. London Department of Health.Dickenson, D. (1994) Childrens informed consent to treatment is the law an ass? Journal of Medical Ethics, 20, 205-206Faden, R. R. Beauchamp, T. L. (1986) A History and Theory of Informed Consent. Oxford Oxford University PressGersch I. Resolving disagreement in special educational needs a practica l guide to conciliation and mediation. Routledge/Falmer, 2002.Hagger L. Some implications of the Human Rights Act 1998 for the medical treatment of children. Medical Law International 20036(1)2551Hewson, B. (2000) Why the human rights act matters to doctors. BMJ, 30, 780-781.Honig, P, Consent in relation to the treatment of eating disorders, Psychiatric bulletin (2000) 24 409-411. doi 10.1192/pb.24.11.409Kessel, A. S. (1994) On failing to understand informed consent. British Journal of Hospital Medicine, 52, 235-239Law Commission (1995) Mental Incapacity (Law Commission notify 231). London Law Commission (http//www.lawcom.gov.uk/library/lc231/contents.htm).Parekh, S.A, Child consent and the law an insight and discussion into the law relating to consent and competence, Child Care, Health and Development, Volume 33,Number 1, January 2007 Blackwell issuePotter, R, Child psychiatry, mental disorder and the law is a more specific statutory framework necessary?, The British Journal of P sychiatry (2004) 184 1-2 2004 The Royal College of PsychiatristsRoyal College of Psychiatrists (2001) White Paper on the Reform of the Mental Health Act 1983. Letter from the Chair of the Colleges Public Policy Committee. 13 June 2001. Royal College of PsychiatristsRushforth, H. (1999) Communicating with hospitalised children check into and application of research pertaining to childrens understanding of health and illness. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 40, 683-691Shaw, M. (1999) Treatment Decisions in Young People The Legal Framework. London FOCUS, The Royal College of Psychiatrists look Unit.Szmukler, G, Dare, C. Treasure, J. (1995) Handbook of Eating Disorders. London Wiley and Sons.Webster, P, Reforming the Mental Health Act implications of the Governments white paper for the management of patients with eating disorders, Psychiatric Bulletin (2003) 27 364-366.http//www.swedauk.org/leaflets/mealsupport.htm