Friday, December 27, 2019

Everything You Need to Know About Shakespeares Plays

William Shakespeare is best known for his plays, although he was also an accomplished poet and actor. But when we think about Shakespeare, plays like Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, and Much Ado About Nothing immediately spring to mind. How Many Plays? A remarkable fact about Shakespeares plays is that scholars can’t agree on how many he actually wrote. Thirty-eight plays is the most popular hypothesis, but after many years of wrangling, a little-known play called Double Falsehood has now been added to the canon. The main problem is that it is believed that William Shakespeare wrote many of his plays collaboratively. Therefore, it is difficult to identify the content penned by the Bard with any accuracy. What Were Shakespeares Plays About? Shakespeare was writing between 1590 and 1613. Many of his early plays were performed at the building that would eventually become the infamous Globe Theatre in 1598. It was here that Shakespeare made his name as a budding young writer and penned such classics as  Romeo and Juliet, A Midsummer Night’s Dream, and The Taming of the Shrew. Many of Shakespeare’s most famous tragedies were written in the early 1600s and would have been performed at the Globe Theatre. Genres Shakespeare wrote in three genres: tragedy, comedy, and history. Although this seems very straightforward, it is notoriously difficult to categorize the plays. This is because the histories blur comedy and tragedy, the comedies contain elements of tragedy, and so on. Tragedy Some of Shakespeare’s most famous plays are tragedies. The genre was extremely popular with Elizabethan theatergoers. It was conventional for these plays to follow the rise and fall of a powerful nobleman. All of Shakespeare’s tragic protagonists have a fatal flaw that propels them towards their bloody end. Popular tragedies include Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet,  King Lear, and Macbeth. Comedy Shakespeare’s comedy was driven by language and complex plots involving mistaken identity. A good rule of thumb is if a character disguises themselves as a member of the opposite sex, you can categorize the play as a comedy. Popular comedies include Much Ado About Nothing, and The Merchant of Venice. History Shakespeare used his history plays to make social and political commentary. Therefore, they are not historically accurate in the same way we would expect a modern historical drama to be. Shakespeare drew from a range of historical sources and set most of his history plays during the Hundred Years War with France. Popular histories include  Henry V and Richard III. Shakespeare’s Language Shakespeare used a mixture of verse and prose in his plays to denote the social standing of his characters. As a rule of thumb, common characters spoke in prose, while noble characters further up the social food chain would revert to iambic pentameter. This particular form of poetic meter was extremely popular in Shakespeare’s time. Although iambic pentameter sounds complex, it is a simple rhythmic pattern. It has ten syllables in each line that alternate between unstressed and stressed beats. However, Shakespeare liked to experiment with iambic pentameter and played around with the rhythm to make his character’s speeches more effective. Why is Shakespeare’s language so descriptive? We should remember that the plays were performed in daylight, in the open air, and with no set. In the absence of atmospheric theater lighting and realistic sets, Shakespeare had to conjure up mythical islands, the streets of Verona, and cold Scottish castles through language alone.

Thursday, December 19, 2019

Effects of Illegal Music Downloading on the Music Industry

Effects of Illegal Downloading on the Music Industry Illegal downloading is commonly known as piracy, it describe that the steeling music from artists, songwriters, musicians, record label employees and others whose hard work and great talent who make music possible. Nowadays, downloading music is available for everyone on internet. However, it is still illegal. Downloading music on internet is what most people are doing because they do not have to pay, and they can choose only the songs they want to have. Unlike CDs which we have the whole album which might contain the songs that we do not want to listen to, plus we have to pay for it. However, it is not always a good thing, it might be good for the people who download the music, but†¦show more content†¦These claims included accusations that Napster was response for allowing users to infringe upon existing copyrights and were even encouraging users to download unlicensed copyrighted materials. When the recording industry w on this landmark lawsuit, Napster stopped offering their file sharing services to users, and soon their company failed. The Institute for Policy Innovation make a conclusion that global music piracy causes $12.5 billion of economic losses every year, 71,060 U.S. jobs lost, a loss of $2.7 billion in workers earnings, and a loss of $422 million in tax revenues, $291 million in personal income tax and $131 million in lost corporate income and production taxes. Today, most people who download music illegally do it by using new peer-to-peer networks like BitTorrent. The BitTorrent protocol is for of handling a lot of data very quickly and is very popular for people who upload and download copies of movies and television programs that have no license. In more recent years, dozens of major record labels and Hollywood studios have begun offering legal videos and tracks through BitTorrent in order to distribute their content on their own terms and avoid the pirating of their content. The Institute for Policy Innovation concludes that global music piracy causes $12.5 billion of economic lossesShow MoreRelatedIllegal Online Music Downloading, The Effects And Consequences On The Music Industry1100 Words   |  5 Pagesor illegal downloading of software, movies, videogames and music. Illicit downloads started through hacked computers, file-sharing networks, illegal servers and website (Plowman, 2009). Hard goods pirates are selling illegal duplicated DVDs through online websites. Copyrighted works are through Internet chat rooms, newsgroups and peer-to-peer file trading networks. All of these kinds of internet copyright infringement are a crime that should be punished by law. This essay will discuss illegal onlineRead MoreThe Effects of Music Downloading957 Words   |  4 PagesThe Effect of Music Downloading on the Music Industry â€Æ' The music industry faces major effects with illegal downloading of music. So many people today are trying to find the cheapest way to get their favorite music, by their favorite artist, so they can listen to them from their phones or mp3 players; therefore, it is reducing the amount of music that will hit the market. There are many new devices and technology that are used to download music illegally that makes it harder on the music industryRead MoreThe Freeloaders, by Megan McArdle: Article Analysis on Illegal Music Download1035 Words   |  5 Pagesthink about free music downloading? Do you think it should be allowed or not? The article entitled â€Å"The Freeloaders,† written by Megan McArdle, is based on the issue that many people are sharing and downloading music files for free, and that many people accept this behavior. It is also based on how the music file-sharing is affecting the success of music industry negatively. While McArdle is persuasive when she claims that m usic file-sharing is not benefiting the music industry and the entertainmentRead MoreIncrease of Illegal Downloading of Music794 Words   |  3 PagesThere are many reasons for increasing the illegal downloading for music in the last years. The technology development of computer and communication led to increase the illegal downloading of digital multimedia (e.g. music). In general, there is no change in the behavior of buyers, but starting of internet network and uprising of computerized systems, result in latest rise in piracy. The digital revolution has been one of the most important causes in control of piracy. As the arrival of the digitalRead MoreDownloading Music Should Be Made Legal Essay example1098 Words   |  5 PagesDownloading All Music Should Be Made Legal In 1999, an 18-year-old college dropout named Shawn Fanning revolutionized the music industry with the program he invented called Napster. Napster was an internet program that made it possible for users to share music files for free. His product gained instant interest across America which brought an opposite response from the Music industry. In 2001, as expected, Napster was sued for copyright infringement by the Recording Industry Association of AmericaRead MorePiracy Trends and Effects986 Words   |  4 Pagestrend of increasing in illegal downloading of music. Technology, Human Behavior and no global obligation are the main reasons for this trend which finally effects on different issues (e.g., music market progression, buy CDs). This essay is structured as one reason and possible effects in each paragraph and finally to sum up with conclusion paragraph. The technology development of computer and communication led to increase the illegal downloading of digital multimedia (e.g. music). In general, thereRead MoreShould Public Access For The Internet?1477 Words   |  6 Pagesabout any American teenager what their hobbies are, and chances are many will say, â€Å"listening to music†. Music is more accessible than ever in 2016, thanks to technology, computers, and the constantly growing use of the Internet. Just about every industry has been affected by these elements, and the music industry is no exception. Advances in technologies have had, without a doubt, a massive influence on music. However, whether this influence is good or bad is essentially subjective, as there are bothRead MoreCost of Free Music Downloading Essay1028 Words   |  5 Pagesas the financial loss from file sharing escalated to billions of dollars. In the decade since Napster emerged, music sales in the U.S. have dropped 47 percent, from $14.6 billion to $ 7.7 billion. From 2004 through 2009 alone, approximately 30 billion songs were illegally downloaded on file-sharing networks† (Students). Downloading music for free is very costly to the music industry; it violates domestic and international laws; and you become more vulnerable to computer attacks. As a consequenceRead MorePiracy, The Intellectual Property Rights Of The Recording Industry Association Of America1285 Words   |  6 Pages 1 Piracy is defined as illegally acquiring a private property, in this case, music, without paying for it. Piracy, therefore, violates the intellectual property rights of the recording companies, together called Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). The intellectual property right being violated at hand is the copyright laws that the RIAA have. The biggest problem that the RIAA has with this violation is that they believe their sales are declining because of piracy. In fact, theRead MoreThe Legal And Economic Concerns Of Copyright Laws1689 Words   |  7 PagesAs computers and the Internet have become widespread illegally downloading files has become cheaper and easier than ever before. Copyright laws are broken so often the basis of them are put into question. Each new generation of musicians, writers, and artists face more difficult odds at making a living from their passion. This paper will discuss the legal and economic concerns of copyright laws. First, this paper will describe the background and history of copyright laws. Then, this paper will cover

Wednesday, December 11, 2019

Nursing Ethics and Law

Question: Discuss about theNursing Ethics and Law. Answer: Case Study 1 The issue in this clinical context is informed consent by the unconscious patient to treatment and other medical interventions (Boundy 2014, p. 9). Patient autonomy and surrogacy are other factors that are implicated in this clinical situation. Since there is an Advance Care Directive (ACD) that is legally recognised and binding, written by the patient against treatment in such a state, the treatment team should, therefore, agree to her parents suggestion. However, they should categorically ascertain the circumstances under which the patient wishes not to receive the treatments before implementing the Advance care directive. If the conditions correspond to the information contained within the ACD, they can g ahead and withhold any medical management. On the other hand, the spouse should undergo counselling sessions in order to inform him on the significance of the actions taken by the team with regard to the ACD. This will help him have a deep insight about the situation besides acce pting the current situation and anticipating the death of the spouse (Boundy 2014, p. 7). Nevertheless, there are options that the husband and the parents of the client can be offered. Notably, the foetus which is 30 weeks old is viable and can survive under normal conditions with the existence and availability of neonatal intensive care unit with the agreement of both the spouse and the parents. Therefore, they can be offered an option to make an application for consent to South Australian Civil and Administrative Tribunal (SACAT) (Australia 2016, p. 13), a legal entity that has the authority to provide consent for such a patient since termination of pregnancy is a special procedure according to the regulations guiding SACAT which cannot be permitted by a surrogate decision maker or guardian appointed by SACAT (Australia 2016, p. 14). Case Study 2 Jess being 15 years of age is not legally competent to unconditionally consent to her treatment or refuse (Mcdougall, Notini Phillips 2015, p. 433). However, the law stipulates that as a teenager, if she expresses an understanding of the nature of therapy and the risks, they can be competent enough to provide consent albeit not to some procedures classified as special procedures. On the other hand, Jess can by herself neither appoint a guardian to make decisions on her behalf nor fill an Advance Care Directive due to her age. Therefore, Tom, her cousin cannot act on her behalf. He is not also allowed to order that the blood transfusion goes ahead since his appointment is not legally recognized or binding (Cdougall Notini Phillips 2015, p. 430). Upon application, that can nonetheless be decided in favour of Tom being an agent by the South Australian Civil and Administrative Tribunal or the court which are charged with the mandate to appoint a surrogate decision maker and providing l egal advice when the patient is incompetent (Australia 2016, p. 26). The decisions made by the designated person must, however, be in the best interest of the patient. The medical officer should, therefore, reassure the patient of the continuation of the treatment since it is in the best interest of the patient. In the first instance, the patient did not make a valid refusal of treatment since there was no duly signed refusal of treatment certificate according to the law (White, Mcdonald WillmotT 2014, p. 62). Notably, the decision to refuse the treatment was influenced by the parents and their religious beliefs which are not in the best interest of the patient. Case Study 3 Kerrys refusal of treatment is not valid. According to the law, she has the competency to make the decision to refuse treatment and in order for her decision to be valid, the medical officer and another person acting as a witness must sign a refusal to treatment certificate applied by the patient (Australia 2016, p. 11). In the document, the patient should specify the kind of therapy or medication that should not be offered if she loses the capacity to make decisions on her own. A copy of the certificate is then supposed to be given to the VCAT in a period of seven days since the application was made. Before reaching this decision, the medical officer should ensure that the patient has sufficient information and comprehension about their condition, the implications of refusing treatment and then the client let to make a decision voluntarily. To make sure her wishes are upheld, Kerry should write an Advance Care Directive that is duly signed which can be referred to when she loses the capacity to make decisions on her own. It should explicitly outline her wishes on the kind of treatment that she can accept or refuse. Though not a must to be witnessed, it is advisable that there is a witness who can either be a relative, medical service provider, appointed guardian or agent who can also have a copy of it which can be referred to under the stipulated circumstances (Boundy 2014, p. 8). No one including the appointed guardian or agent can override the decisions and wishes made by the client as long as they are recorded in the ACD. This is in the effort to ensure that patient autonomy is promoted and respected. Case Study 4 Doctor Rons request to the nurse to take a video of the surgical procedure is not reasonable. It is inappropriate and against the ethical principles of privacy and consent (Royal, Federation, Midwives, Australia 2008, p. 3). The patients confidentiality and privacy can, in this case, be compromised since the video may find its way to the public through Rons friend and himself without the consent of the patient. In addition, the request doesnt demonstrate respect to the patient a factor that can lead to legal action against the doctor for not handling the patient with dignity (Devereux, John 2016, p. 233). Instead of Jane, the scout's nurse recording and sending the video reluctantly, she should have stood her ground as the patient advocate and champion for the rights of the patient such as respect, dignity, privacy, confidentiality and need for informed consent among others. On the other hand, as stipulated in the Codes of professional conduct and ethics for nurses and midwives, Jes s acted in an appropriate manner since she was doing so in the best interest of the patient (Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council 2008, p. 3). Her effort to have access and the details of the patients information was in order to prepare adequately including reviewing the procedure and associated care modalities so as provide quality nursing care if she was to be assigned to the patient. This will increase the level of patient and nurse satisfaction besides leading to a better outcome. Nevertheless, she should ensure that the clients information from the notes is not accessed or shared with other individuals who will not be involved in the patient care (Atkins, Britton De Lacey 2011, p. 146). Moreover, her care to all patients should be none-discriminatory on the grounds of being a fun of the patients team. She should be guided by the ethical principle of justice in which she is required to provide nursing care equitably with regard to the patients needs (Burkhardt Nathaniel, 2 014, p. 45). References Australia, S 2016, Advance care directives act 2013 Atkins, K, Britton, B De, LS 2011,Ethics and law for Australian nurses, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; Port Melbourne. Devereux, John 2016,Australian Medical Law. Cavendish Pub Ltd. Boundy, C 2014,What you need to know about the new advance care directive, [Adelaide] The Law Society of South Australia. Burkhardt, M, A Nathaniel, A. K 2014,Ethics issues in contemporary nursing, Australia, Delmar/Thomson Learning. Mcdougall, R, Notini, L Phillips, J 2015, 'Conflicts Between Parents and Health Professionals About a Childs Medical Treatment: Using Clinical Ethics Records to Find Gaps in the Bioethics Literature',Journal of Bioethical Inquiry, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 429-436. Royal, NA, Federation, AN, Midwives, AC Australia, NB 2008,Codes of professional conduct ethics for nurses midwives, 2008, Australian Nursing and Midwifery Council, Dickson, A.C.T. White, BP, Mcdonald, FJ Willmott, L 2014,Health law in Australia, 2nd edn, Thomson Reuters (Professional) Australia Ltd, Rozelle, N.S.W.

Tuesday, December 3, 2019

The Contribution of Religion to Society and Culture Essay Example

The Contribution of Religion to Society and Culture Paper Religion can make a deep contribution to how we understand and see ourselves as human beings. As Tim said before, religion contributes to culture, society, music, architecture, the arts and how we view the world. One aspect that has been heavily influenced by religion is Art. The paintings that are based around religion are some of the most recognised and inspiring pieces of art in history. For example, paintings in the Sistine Chapel such as ‘The Creation of Eve’ and ‘The Creation of Adam’ by Michelangelo are among the most famous paintings in the world, which are influenced by religion. Religion discusses the ‘meaning of life’, including questions such as ‘Who am I? ’, ‘Is there life after death? ’, and ‘Is there a God?. Answers to these questions bring comfort, a sense of belonging and meaning to certain cultures and societies. It brings an individual self worth and happiness, and the feeling that they have something to live for. This is one of the main reasons people decide to follow a certain religion – to bring them happiness and to do right by their religion, therefore contributing positively to society. However, religion does not always have a positive contribution to society and can encourage violence when religious believers are convinced that their view is being challenged. This can lead to outbreak of wars. This has happened in the past and is happening now and causing great devastation throughout the world. We will write a custom essay sample on The Contribution of Religion to Society and Culture specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Contribution of Religion to Society and Culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Contribution of Religion to Society and Culture specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer One of the most recent wars about religion was between the Muslims and the people of Israel in the Gaza Strip. In conclusion, religion has many positives when contributing to society and culture. However, it can cause negatives when it gets out of control, leading to hostility. Many religions send across the same message, and have the same values. When these values are taken upon, it can have a huge positive impact on a person’s life, giving them renewed hope and a positive outlook on life.